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XML in a Nutshell, 2nd edition Index

Index

[ Symbols ], [ A ], [ B ], [ C ], [ D ], [ E ], [ F ], [ G ], [ H ], [ I ], [ J ], [ K ], [ L ], [ M ], [ N ], [ O ], [ P ], [ Q ], [ R ], [ S ], [ T ], [ U ], [ V ], [ W ], [ X ], [ Y ], [ Z ]

Symbols[ Top ]
* (asterisk)
      CSS universal selector, 208
      node test, 422
      suffix for element names, 37, 350
      XPath arithmetic operator, 168
      XPath wildcard, 161
@ (at sign), selecting an attribute, 159, 419
@* (at-sign asterisk), XPath wildcard, 161
: (colon), use within names, 340
: : (double colon), axis-node test separator, 165
= (equals sign), CSS attribute value selector, 209
/ (forward slash)
      building compound location paths, 162, 419
      root location path, 157, 419
/ / (double forward slash), selecting from all descendants, 162
> (greater-than sign), CSS child element selector, 208
< (less-than sign), not allowed in attribute values), 357
<? and ?> (processing instruction delimiters), 21
- (minus sign), XPath arithmetic operator, 168
( ) parentheses in element declarations, 38
. (period), selecting context node, 163, 419
. . (double period), selecting parent element, 163, 419
+ (plus sign)
      CSS sibling element selector, 208
      suffix for element names, 37, 350
      XPath arithmetic operator, 168
? (question mark), suffix for element names, 37, 350
# (sharp sign), CSS attribute selector, 209
[ ] (square brackets), CSS attribute selector, 208
~ = (tilde equals sign), CSS attribute selector, 209
| (vertical bar), multiple XPath matches, 161
| = (vertical bar equals sign), CSS attribute selector, 209

A[ Top ]
abbreviated location paths, 157-164, 418
absolute location paths, 157, 419
      building compound location paths, 162
      id( ) and, 172
absolute units of length (CSS properties), 213
abstract attribute, 283
active pseudoclass, 209
actuate attribute (XLink), 178
Adapter design pattern, 523, 526
Adobe Zapf Dingbats font, Unicode block for, 586
after pseudoelement, 210
alternate pseudoattribute, 111, 207
&amp; (ampersand) entity reference, 19, 48
      declaring, 364
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 538
      XML specification for, 341
ancestor axis, 165, 421
ancestor-or-self axis, 166, 421
annotation elements in schemas, 258-260
anonymous types, 265-267
Antenna House XSL Formatter, 227
ANY element type, 41, 337, 349
Apache XML Project
      Cocoon (XSLT processor), 139
      FOP (formatting program), 226
      Xalan (XSLT processor), 139
      Xerces-J (parser), 25, 257
APL programming language symbols, Unicode block for, 582
&apos; (apostrophe) entity reference, 20, 48
      declaring, 364
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 538
      XML specification for, 341
appendChild( ) (DOM), 505
appendData( ) (DOM), 464
Apple Computer and character sets, 79
applet module (XHTML DTD), 114
application/xml MIME media type, 73
Arabic Unicode block, 558
arcrole attribute (XLink), 185
arcs, 182-186
      multiple arcs from one arc element, 183-185
      role attributes, 185
      title attributes, 185
arithmetic operators in XPath, 168
Armenian Unicode block, 556
Arrows Unicode block, 572
ASCII character set, 534
<!ATTLIST> declaration, 41-48
ATTLIST declaration, 41-48
      XML specification for, 337, 350
      xml:lang attribute and, 86
      xmlns attribute and, 68
Attr interface (DOM), 308, 460
      attributes for, 460
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
attribute axis, 165, 421
attribute declarations, 41-48
      attribute groups and, 262
      schemas and, 261
      xmlns attribute and, 68
attribute types, 42-47, 337, 350
      enumeration, 43, 351
            vs. NOTATION, 47
      NOTATION, 350
attribute values
      ensuring validity of, 360
      external entities and, 356
      no < allowed in, 357
      templates for, 151
attributeFormDefault attribute (xs:schema element), 264
ATTRIBUTE_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
attributes
      accessing, 513
      default declarations for, 47
            normal attribute values and, 364
      default namespaces and, 67, 354
      location steps, 159, 419
      matching multiple, 161
      nodes
            default template for, 146
            XPath data model and, 417
      notation, 363
      selecting, 208
      special, 337, 351
      unique names for, 356
      vs. child elements, 17
      in XML declarations, 23
      XML elements and, 16, 460
      XML specification for, 336, 353
attributes attribute (Node interface), 499
Attributes interface (SAX), 513
AttributesImpl class (SAX), 520
axes, 165, 418, 420

B[ Top ]
background-color property (CSS), 216
Backus-Naur Form (BNF) grammar, 453
bare name XPointers, 193
base module (XHTML DTD), 116
basic forms module (XHTML DTD), 115
basic tables module (XHTML DTD), 115
before pseudoelement, 210
bidirectional text module (XHTML DTD), 115
big-endian UCS-2, 76
binding prefixes to URIs, 64-66
biztalk.org (DTD repository), 58
block areas (XSL-FO), 219
      flowing content into pages, 223
      splitting, 219
block element (XSL-FO), 219, 223
block elements (CSS display property), 211
block-container element (XSL-FO), 223
%Block.extra entity reference, 119
%Block.mix; entity reference, 117
BNF (Backus-Naur Form) grammar, 453
boolean( ) (XPath), 174, 423
Booleans
      used by SAX features, 326
      XPath expressions, 169, 417
      XPath functions, 174
Borden, Jonathan, 234
border-color property (CSS), 216
border-width property (CSS), 212
Bosak, Jon, 9
Bray, Tim, 9, 234
Brown University Scholarly Technology Group, 33
browsers (see web browsers)
built-in template rules, 139, 145-148
Bullard, Claude L., 235
byte order mark, 76

C[ Top ]
C0 controls in ASCII character sets, 535
C1 controls in ISO-8859 character sets, 536
Canonical XML, 11, 293
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), 9, 202-216
      color properties, 216
      display property, 211
      font properties, 213
      selectors, 208-211
      style rules for, 206
      syntax of, 204-206
      text properties, 214
      units of length, 212
      vs. transformation-based presentation, 101
      vs. XSL-FO, 232
      web browser support for, 232
      XML documents and, 206
      (see also stylesheets)
Cascading Style Sheets Level 1 (CSS1), 110, 204
Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 (CSS2), 10, 110, 204
      web browser support for, 232
Cascading Style Sheets Level 3 (CSS3), 204
case sensitivity in elements, xv, 14
CDATA sections, 20
      attribute type, 42, 350
      LexicalHandler interface and, 529
      XML specification for, 336, 341
      (see also character data)
CDATASection interface (DOM), 310, 462
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
CDATA_SECTION_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
ceiling( ) (XPath), 174, 423
character data, 13-16
      comments in, 21
      parsed, 19, 30
      (see also CDATA entries)
character data characters (Unicode), 533
character encodings, 72
      autodetection of, 344
character references, 82-85
      for HTML 4.0 entity sets, 539-546
      predefined, 338, 341
      XML specification for, 337, 340, 357
character sets, 72, 531-586
      ASCII, 534
      converting between, 80
      Cp1252, 536
      ISO, 78
      metadata, 72
      names of, 531
      national standard, 79
      platform-dependent, 79
      Unicode, 75-77
      XML document default, 81
      XML-defined, 75
character tables for Unicode, 533-538
CharacterData interface (DOM), 309, 462-467
      attributes for, 462
      methods for, 463-467
characters( ) (SAX), 320
      using filters with, 329
charset pseudoattribute, 111, 207
child axis, 165, 420
child elements, 14, 36
      determining the number of, 37
      location steps, 158, 419
      in narrative-oriented documents, 91
      vs. attributes, 17
childNodes attribute (Node interface), 499
Chinese characters
      using subcodes for dialects, 86
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 77, 531
choices in element declarations, 38
Clark, James, 9, 533
client-side image map module (XHTML DTD), 115
cloneNode( ) (DOM), 506
Cocoon (Apache XML Project XSLT processor), 139
code points, 72
      unassigned, 533
code samples and CDATA sections, 20
color property (CSS), 216
command-line XSLT processors, 139
Comment interface (DOM), 310, 467
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
comment nodes
      default template for, 148
      XPath data model and, 417
comment( )
      location step, 160
      node test, 422
COMMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
comments
      IGNORE directive acting as, 55
      LexicalHandler interface and, 529
      loopholes in XML specification, 292
      vs. annotations in schemas, 258
      in XML documents, 21
      XML specification for, 336, 343
communications protocols and XML, 245
comparison operators in XPath, 169
complex types, 265-267
      attribute groups and, 262
      deriving
            by extension, 280
            by restriction, 281
      final attribute and, 283
      occurrence constraints, 267
      xs:complexContent element and, 269
concat( ) (XPath), 171, 423
conditional sections, 337, 352
      parameter entity nesting and, 364
constrained child nodes, 337, 349
constraints
      namespace, 365
      validity, 358-365
      well-formedness, 355-358
container nodes, 196
contains( ) (XPath), 173, 424
content, element
      any type, 277-282
      empty elements, 268
      mixed, 274-276
      simple, 269-273
content nodes (DOM Core), 305-310
content specifications in element declarations, 36
ContentHandler interface (SAX), 318-326, 514
      methods called by parser, 319-323
      overriding methods in, 325
      vs. java.net.ContentHandler class, 318
context node, 157, 420
      attribute location steps and, 159
      changing, using here( ) andorigin( ), 200
      child element location steps and, 158
      compound location paths and, 162
      selecting, using a period ( . ), 163, 419
      unabbreviated location paths, 165
Coptic Unicode block, 552
count( ) (XPath), 171, 424
Cover, Robin, 59
Cp1252 character set, 80, 536
createAttribute( ) (DOM), 469
createAttributeNS( ) (DOM), 469
createCDATASection( ) (DOM), 470
createComment( ) (DOM), 471
createDocument( ) (DOM), 483
createDocumentFragment( ) (DOM), 471
createDocumentType( ) (DOM), 484
createElement( ) (DOM), 471
createElementNS( ) (DOM), 472
createEntityReference( ) (DOM), 473
createProcessingInstruction( ) (DOM), 473
createTextNode( ) (DOM), 474
createXMLReader( ) (SAX), 317, 526
      SAX filters and, 330
CSS (see Cascading Style Sheets)
CSS1 (Cascading Style SheetsLevel 1), 110, 204
CSS2 (Cascading Style SheetsLevel 2), 10, 110, 204
      web browser support for, 232
CSS3 (Cascading Style SheetsLevel 3), 204
Currency Symbols Unicode block, 571
current( ) (XSLT), 452
Cyrillic Unicode block, 553-556

D[ Top ]
data attribute
      CharacterData interface, 463
      ProcessingInstruction interface, 510
data format, XML, 6, 243-253
databases and XML, 6, 246
data-oriented DTDs, 56
decimal character references, 82
decimal format patterns, 436, 453
declarations
      attribute, 41-48
      commenting out, 55
      DeclHandler interface and, 528
      default, 47, 364
      document type, 31
      element (see element declarations)
      element type (see element type declarations)
      encoding, 73, 336, 345
      external
            including, 278
            modifying, 279
      general entity, 48, 337, 346
      notation, 51-53, 338, 352
            names must be unique, 365
            unparsed entities and, 365
      standalone, 336, 345
      text (see text declarations)
DeclHandler interface (SAX), 528
default declarations for attributes, 47
      XML specification for, 364
default namespaces, setting, 67, 354
default templates for XML document nodes, 146-148
default values, XML specification for, 337, 351
DefaultHandler class (SAX), 325, 521
deleteData( ) (DOM), 464
derived types, 261
      controlling, 282-286
      deriving
            by extension, 280
            by restriction, 281
      using, 281
      xs:complexContent element, 269
descendant axis, 165, 420
descendant-or-self axis, 166, 420
Devanagari Unicode block, 560
Dingbats Unicode block, 586
display property (CSS), 211
div (XPath arithmetic operator), 168
DocBook, 95-98
      entity sets and, 85
doctype attribute (Document interface), 468
DOCTYPE declaration, 31, 359
document element (see root element)
Document interface (DOM), 305, 468-476
      attributes for, 468
      methods for, 469-476
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
document model modules, defining parameter entity references with, 125-128
Document Object Model (see DOM)
Document Style Sheet and Semantics Language (DSSSL), 10, 101
document type declaration, 31, 359
document type definitions (see DTDs)
document( ) (XSLT), 452
documentElement attribute (Document interface), 468
DocumentFragment interface (DOM), 307, 476
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
DOCUMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
documents, XML (see XML, documents)
DocumentType interface (DOM), 304, 478-480
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
DOM Core, 458
      content nodes, 305-310
      structural nodes, 304
      structure of, 298
DOM (Document Object Model), xii, 296-315
      document structure, 303
      generic vs. specific interfaces, 299
      IDL (Interface Definition Language) notation and, 297
      Level 1 vs. Level 2, 297, 458
      Node interface, 458
      object hierarchy, 459
      parsing a document with, 311
      reference, 458-512
      sample application, 312-315
      TrAX and, 456
DOM Level 1 (see DOM)
DOM Level 2, 296
      DOMImplementation interface, 311
      importNode method provided by, 307
      vs. Level 1, 458
DOM Level 3, 11, 296, 311
DOMException interface, 480-482
DOMImplementation interface, 305, 311
      methods for, 483-485
DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR exception (DOM), 480
DSSSL (Document Style Sheet and Semantics Language), 10, 101
DTDHandler interface (SAX), 515
DTDs, 5, 27-59
      attribute declarations, 41-48
      data-oriented, 56
      defining general entity references, 83
      document permanence and, 99
      element declarations, 36-41
      external subsets (see external DTD subsets)
      finding standard, 58
      general entities, 49-53
      general entity declarations, 48
      internal subsets (see internal DTD subsets)
      namespaces and, 69-71
      narrative-oriented, 57, 90-92
      parameter entities, 53-55
      rddl:resource elements and, 238
      repository of, 59
      specifying rules using, 7
      standalone attribute and, 24
      TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 92-95
      validating XML documents, 28-35, 255
      for XHTML, 107
      for XLinks, 188
      XML specification for, 345-352
Dublin Core, 132-135
      RDF (Resource Description Framework) and, 61-63
Dynamic HTML: The Definitive Reference, 485

E[ Top ]
EBNF (Extended Backus-Naur Form) grammar, 366-371
edit module (XHTML DTD), 114
electronics symbols, Unicode block for, 582
element content
      any type, 277-282
      empty elements, 268
      mixed, 274-276
      simple, 269-273
ELEMENT declaration, 36-41
element declarations, 29, 36-41
      abstract attribute, 283
      complex types and, 265-267
      constructing, 361
      matching elements with DTD rules, 360
      occurrence constraints, 267
      schemas and, 257, 260
      substitutionGroup attribute, 282
Element interface (DOM), 307
      attribute for, 485
      methods for, 485-493
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
element names
      matching, 356
      in namespaces and DTDs, 69
      prefixes and, 63
      qualified, 354
      suffixes for, 37
      unqualified, 354
      using choices in, 38
      using namespaces to resolve conflicts, 60-63
element nodes
      default template for, 148
      XPath data model and, 416
element type declarations
      duplicates types not allowed, 361
      uniqueness required for, 360
      XML specification for, 337, 348-352
element-available( ) (XSLT), 453
elementFormDefault attribute (xs:schema element), 264
ELEMENT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
elements
      attributes and, 16, 460
      calculating the value of, 141
      case sensitivity in, xv, 14
      complex types, 265-267
      controlling placement of, 275
      documents and, 13
      empty (see empty elements)
      enforcing uniqueness, 283-286
      entity references in, 19
      location steps, 158, 418
      matching multiple, 161
      matching names, 356
      minOccurs/maxOccurs attributes, 267
      mixed content of, 15
      in narrative-oriented documents, 91
      overlapping not allowed, 14
      of schemas, 373-395
      XML specification for, 352
empty elements, 13
      in element declarations, 40, 349
      NOTATION attributes not available for, 363
      schemas and, 268
      web browser problems with, 108
      XML specification for, 336, 353
encoding declaration, 23, 73
      XML specification for, 336, 345
encodings, list of, 75
Encryption, XML, 11
endDocument( ) (SAX), 323
endElement( ) (SAX), 321
      using filters with, 329
ending resources, 175
end-point( ), 197-199
endPrefixMapping( ) (SAX), 322
end-tags, 13
      XML specification for, 336, 353
enterprise applications and XML, 244
entities
      external parsed, 49
            text declarations and, 74
      external unparsed, 51-53
            declaring notations, 365
            XML specification for, 336, 347
      parameter (see parameter entity references)
entities attribute (DocumentType interface), 478
ENTITIES attribute type, 46, 350
ENTITY attribute type, 46, 350
      embedding unparsed entities in documents, 52
      unparsed entities in DTD and, 362
ENTITY declaration, 48-51, 341
      absent from entity references, 357
Entity interface (DOM), 305, 493
      attributes for, 493
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
entity references, 19, 48
      attribute values and external entities, 356
      LexicalHandler interface and, 529
      loopholes in XML specification, 292
      simplifying document parsing, 342
      unparsed entity names not allowed, 358
      web browser problems with, 109
      with no entity declarations, 357
      XHTML 1.1 DTD, 117
      XML specification for, 342
      (see also general entity references; parameter entity references)
entity sets
      HTML 4.0, 538-546
      XHTML 1.0 DTD, 84, 538
ENTITY_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
EntityReference interface (DOM), 310, 494
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
EntityResolver interface (SAX), 515
enumeration attribute type, 43, 337, 351
      assigning a value to, 363
      vs. NOTATION attribute type, 47
enumeration facet element, 272, 381
ErrorHandler interface (SAX), 516
errors
      ErrorHandler interface (SAX), 516
      SAXException class and, 518-520
      validity, 8, 27, 34
      well-formedness, 8, 24, 27
escape sequences, 19
EUC-JP encoding, 75, 532
event-based parsers, 288-290
Examplotron schema language, 5
ExceptionCodes (DOM), 480-482
exceptions (see errors)
expat parser and support for character encodings, 533
Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) grammar, 366-371
Extended Interfaces (DOM Core), 299
extended links, 180-187
      arc elements, 182-186
      local resources, 186
      locator elements, 181
      title elements, 186
      XPointers and, 193
Extensible Linking Language (XLink), xii, 10
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (see XSLT)
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), 9
extent attributes (XSL-FO), 221
external declarations
      including, 278
      modifying, 279
external DTD subsets, 33
      general entity references and, 84
      parameter entity references and, 54
      text declarations and, 75
      XML specification for, 336, 348, 355
external general entities, 336, 346
      parsed, 49
            attribute values and, 356
            no recursion allowed, 358
            SAX core feature, 528
            text declarations and, 74
      unparsed, 51-53, 347
            declaring notations, 365
external parameter entity references, 55
      SAX core feature, 528

F[ Top ]
facet elements, 373
      enumeration, 272, 381
      fractionDigits, 273, 382
      length, 271, 385
      maxExclusive, 272, 385
      maxInclusive, 272, 386
      maxLength, 271, 386
      minExclusive, 272, 386
      minInclusive, 272, 387
      minLength, 271, 387
      pattern, 273, 388
      totalDigits, 273, 394
      whiteSpace, 271, 395
facets, 270-273
false( ) (XPath), 174, 424
Feynman, Richard, 136-153, 155, 158, 164, 166, 172
filters
      event-based parsers and, 289
      SAX, 328-331
final attribute, 283
firstChild attribute (Node interface), 500
first-child pseudoclass, 209
first-letter pseudoelement, 210
first-line pseudoelement, 210
fixed attribute, 283
#FIXED default declaration, 47, 351
      explicit value must match default value, 364
floor( ) (XPath), 174, 424
flow child element (XSL-FO), 223
%Flow.mix; entity reference, 117
fo:block element, 219, 223
fo:block-container element, 223
focus pseudoclass, 210
fo:flow child element, 223
fo:layout-master-set element, 220, 223
fo:list-block element, 223
following axis, 165, 421
following-sibling axis, 165, 421
font properties (CSS), 213
font-family property (CSS), 213
font-size property (CSS), 212
font-stretch property (CSS), 214
font-style property (CSS), 214
font-variant property (CSS), 214
font-weight property (CSS), 214
FOP (Apache XML Project formatting program), 226
fo:page-sequence element, 220
      flowing content into pages, 223
fo:region-after child element, 221
fo:region-before child element, 221
fo:region-body child element, 221
fo:region-end child element, 221
fo:region-start child element, 221
format-number( ) (XSLT), 172, 436, 453
formatting objects (see XSL-FO)
forms module (XHTML DTD), 115
fo:root element, 220
fo:simple-page-master element, 221-223
fo:table element, 223
fo:table-and-caption element, 223
fractionDigits facet element, 273, 382
fragment identifiers, 191
frames module (XHTML DTD), 115
frameset DTD (XHTML), 108
from attribute (XLink), 182-187
function-available( ) (XSLT), 454
functions
      XPath, 170-174, 423-429
      XSLT, 452-456
Fundamental Interfaces (DOM Core), 299

G[ Top ]
Galazka, Wojciech, 81
general entities
      external parsed, 49
            attribute values and, 356
            no recursion allowed, 358
            text declarations and, 74
            XML specification for, 336, 346
      external unparsed, 51-53, 347
            declaring notations, 365
      internal, 337, 346
general entity declarations, 337, 346
      declaring, 364
general entity references
      XML specification for, 336, 343
      (see also entity references)
General Punctuation Unicode block, 570
generate-id( ) (XSLT), 455
Geometric Shapes Unicode block, 584
getAttribute( ) (DOM), 486
getAttributeNode( ) (DOM), 486
getAttributeNodeNS( ) (DOM), 487
getAttributeNS( ) (DOM), 486
getElementById( ) (DOM), 307, 474
getElementsByTagName( ) (DOM), 307
      Document interface, 475
      Element interface, 487
getElementsByTagNameNS( ) (DOM), 307
      Document interface, 475
      Element interface, 488
getException( ) (SAX), 518
getFeature( ) (SAX), 327
getNamedItem( ) (DOM), 495
getNamedItemNS( ) (DOM), 496
getProperty( ) (SAX), 327
glyph areas (XSL-FO), 219
Goldfarb, Charles F., 8, 89
Goodman, Danny, 485
grammar for XML documents, 366-371
Greek Extended Unicode block, 568-570
Greek Unicode block, 552
&gt; (greater-than) entity reference, 20, 48
      declaring, 364
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 538
      XML specification for, 341

H[ Top ]
hasAttribute( ) (DOM)
      Element interface, 488
hasAttributeNS( ) (DOM)
      Element interface, 488
hasAttributes( ) (DOM), 506
hasChildNodes( ) (DOM), 506
hasFeature( ) (DOM), 311, 484
head elements, 282
Hebrew Unicode block, 557
height property (CSS), 212
here( ), 200
hexadecimal character references, 82
hidden elements (CSS display property), 212
HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR exception (DOM), 480
Hook schema language, 5
hover pseudoclass, 210
href attribute (Xlink), 176
href pseudoattribute, 110, 207
HTML
      example of a standard document, 104
      moving to XHTML from, 103-107
      SGML and, 9
      structure of documents, 91
      vs. XHTML, 103
HTML 4.0 entity sets, 538-546
hypertext module (XHTML DTD), 114

I[ Top ]
IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), 75, 110
IBM and character sets, 79
ID attribute type, 44
      bare name XPointers and, 194
      default for, 362
      in element type declarations, 350
      only one per element type, 361
      values must be unique, 361
id( ) (XPath), 171, 424
      bare name XPointers and, 194
IDL (Interface Definition Language) and DOM, 297, 458-512
IDREF attribute type, 45
      in element type declarations, 350
      matching IDs in document, 362
IDREFS attribute type, 46
      in element type declarations, 350
IE (see Internet Explorer)
iframe module (XHTML DTD), 115
ignorableWhitespace( ) (SAX), 319-322
IGNORE directive, 55
illegal characters (Unicode), 533
image module (XHTML DTD), 115
implementation attribute (Document interface), 468
#IMPLIED default declaration, 47, 351
importNode( ) (DOM), 475
inbound links, 187
INCLUDE directive, 55
INDEX_SIZE_ERR exception (DOM), 480
Indian languages, Unicode block for, 560
inline areas (XSL-FO), 219
inline elements (CSS display property), 211
%Inline.extra entity reference, 119
%Inline.mix; entity reference, 117
inline-table value (display property), 212
input markup languages, 100
InputSource class (SAX), 518
insertBefore( ) (DOM), 506
insertData( ) (DOM), 465
instance documents, 254
      abstract attribute and, 283
      attributes of, 413-415
      complex types and, 265
      controlling namespace qualification, 264
      derived types in, 281
      element declarations and, 260
      empty elements and, 268
      namespace issues with, 256
      substitution groups and, 282
Interface Definition Language (IDL) and DOM, 297, 458-512
internal DTD subsets, 32
      general entity references and, 84
      parameter entity references and, 54, 355
      XML specification for, 336, 348
internal general entities, 337, 346
internalSubset attribute (DocumentType interface), 479
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Extensions Unicode block, 549
internationalization, 72-86
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), 75, 110
Internet Explorer (IE)
      displaying XML in web browsers, 112
      lack of support for XSLT, 138
intrinsic events module (XHTML DTD), 115
INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR exception (DOM), 482
INVALID_ACCESS_ERR exception (DOM), 482
INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR exception (DOM), 481
INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR exception (DOM), 482
INVALID_STATE_ERR exception (DOM), 482
IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) Extensions Unicode block, 549
ISO character sets, 78
ISO-10646-UCS-2 encoding, 75, 76, 532
ISO-10646-UCS-4 encoding, 75, 532
ISO-2022-JP encoding, 75, 532
ISO-3166 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries), 86
ISO-639 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages), 85
ISO-8859 character sets, 536
ISO-8859-1 encoding, 75, 78, 532
      vs. Cp1252 Windows character set, 536
ISO-8859-2 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-3 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-4 encoding, 75, 78
ISO-8859-5 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-6 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-7 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-8 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-9 encoding, 75, 78, 532
ISO-8859-10 encoding, 79, 532
ISO-8859-11 encoding, 79, 532
ISO-8859-12 encoding, 532
ISO-8859-13 encoding, 79, 532
ISO-8859-14 encoding, 79, 532
ISO-8859-15 encoding, 79, 532
ISO-8859-16 encoding, 79, 532
isSupported( ) (DOM), 507
item( ) (DOM), 496, 510

J[ Top ]
Japanese characters
      national standard character sets for, 532
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 77, 531
Java
      examples/bindings for DOM Core objects, 460-512
      language-specific bindings for, 297, 458
      TrAX and, 456
Java Development Kit character set conversion tool, 81
javax.xml.transform package, 456
Jelliffe, Rick, 235

K[ Top ]
Kay, Michael, 139
key( ) (XSLT), 455
keys and references in schemas, 284-286
Korean characters
      national standard character set for, 79
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 77, 531

L[ Top ]
label attribute (Xlink), 181
      local resources and, 186
lang pseudoclass, 210
lang( ) (XPath), 425
language codes, 85
last( ) (XPath), 171, 425
lastChild attribute (Node interface), 500
Latin Extended Additional Unicode block, 566
Latin Extended-A Unicode block, 546
Latin Extended-B Unicode block, 548
Latin-0 encoding, 79, 532
Latin-1 characters entity set, 84, 538-542
Latin-1 encoding, 78, 532, 537
Latin-2 encoding, 78, 532
Latin-3 encoding, 78, 532
Latin-4 encoding, 78, 532
Latin-5 encoding, 78, 532
Latin-6 encoding, 79, 532
Latin-7 encoding, 79, 532
Latin-8 encoding, 79, 532
Latin-9 encoding, 79, 532
Latin-10 encoding, 79
layout-master-set element (XSL-FO), 220, 223
left property (CSS), 212
legacy encodings, 75
legacy module (XHTML DTD), 116
length attribute
      CharacterData interface, 463
      NamedNodeMap interface, 495
      NodeList interface, 509
length facet element, 271, 385
length, units of, 212
Letter-like Symbols Unicode block, 572
LexicalHandler interface (SAX), 529
line areas (XSL-FO), 219
line-height property (CSS), 212
link module (XHTML DTD), 116
link pseudoclass, 209
linkbases, 187
links
      behavior of, 177-179
      extended (see extended links)
      following, 178
      inbound/outbound, 187
      semantics of, 179
      simple, 175
      third-party, 187
      XML processing issues, 295
      XPointers in, 192
      (see also XLinks)
list elements (CSS display property), 211
list module (XHTML DTD), 114
list-block element (XSL-FO), 223
list-item value (display property), 211
list-style-image value (display property), 211
list-style-position value (display property), 211
list-style-type value (display property), 211
literal data characters, 141
literal default declaration, 47
Literal Result Element as Stylesheet (XSLT 1.0 specification), 138
literal result elements, 141
      attribute value templates and, 151
      namespace syntax and, 64
      xsl:apply-templates and, 144
little-endian UCS-2, 76
local parts, 64
local resources (extended links), 181, 186
localName attribute (Node interface), 501
local-name( ) (XPath), 172, 425
location paths, 157-163, 418
      axes, 165
      building compound, 162, 419
      node tests, 165
      unabbreviated, 164-167
      using predicates in, 163, 419, 422
location steps
      attribute, 159, 419
      child element, 158, 419
      combining, 162
      comment( ), 160
      components of, 165
      processing-instruction( ), 160
      text( ), 160
locations and XPath nodes, 195
locator elements, 181
Locator interface (SAX), 516
LocatorImpl class (SAX), 522
Lorie, Ray, 8, 89
&lt; (less-than) entity reference, 19, 48
      declaring, 364
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 538
      XML specification for, 341

M[ Top ]
MacRoman character set, 80
Mac-specific character sets, 80
margin-bottom property (CSS), 212
margin-left property (CSS), 212
margin-right property (CSS), 212
margin-top property (CSS), 212
markup
      describing a document's structure, 99
      input vs. output languages, 100
      tags and, 13
master pages for XSL-FO, laying out, 221-227
master-name attribute (XSL-FO), 221
Mathematical Operators Unicode block, 573
MathML (Mathematical Markup Language), xiii
      entity sets and, 85
      namespaces
            need for, 60
            syntax for, 64
maxExclusive facet element, 272, 385
maxInclusive facet element, 272, 386
maxLength facet element, 271, 386
maxOccurs attribute (xs:element element), 267
media pseudoattribute, 111, 207
media types, MIME, 73
Megginson, David, 10, 513
metadata, character-set, 72
metainformation module (XHTML DTD), 115
Microsoft and character sets, 79
Microsoft DTD repository (biztalk.org), 58
MIME media types, 73
      rddl:resource elements and, 238
      for stylesheets, 206
minExclusive facet element, 272, 386
minInclusive facet element, 272, 387
minLength facet element, 271, 387
minOccurs attribute (xs:element element), 267
Miscellaneous Symbols Unicode block, 585
Miscellaneous Technical Unicode block, 582
%Misc.extra entity reference, 119
mixed content
      element type, 39, 337, 349
      in elements, 15
      schemas and, 274-276
mod (XPath arithmetic operator), 168
mode attributes for XSLT elements, 149
Modular XHTML (see XHTML 1.1)
Modularization of XHTML (W3C specification), 118
modules, XHTML, 114-116
monetary symbols, Unicode block for, 571
Mosher, Ed, 8, 89
Mozilla, displaying XML in, 113
MSXML and stylesheet processors, 139
Muellner, Leonard, 95
multilingual documents, 85
Murray-Rust, Peter, 10

N[ Top ]
name attribute
      Attr interface, 460
      DocumentType interface, 479
name characters (Unicode), 533
name identification module (XHTML DTD), 116
name start characters (Unicode), 533
name tokens, XML, 43
name( ) (XPath), 172, 425
NamedNodeMap interface (DOM), 302
      attribute for, 495
      methods for, 494-498
names
      element (see element names)
      qualified, 64
            defining, 70
            XML specification for, 354
      unqualified, 354
      XML, 18
            specification for, 336, 340
            vs.name tokens, 43
namespace axis, 166, 421
NAMESPACE_ERR exception (DOM), 482
namespaces, xii, 60-71
      constraints for, 365
      controlling qualification, 264
      DTDs and, 69-71
      element/attribute declarations, 349
      how parsers handle, 69
      nodes
            default template for, 148
            location paths and, 160
            node set functions for, 172
            XPath data model and, 417
      prefixes (see prefixes)
      RDDL and namespace URLs, 234-238
namespaces
      reasons for using, 60-63
      schemas and, 256, 262-265, 372
      setting default, 67, 354
      syntax of, 63-68
      target namespaces, 263
      URIs, 66
            returned by SAX parsers, 527
            XSLT processors and, 138
      XML specification for, 353
      XPointers and, 195
      XSLT and, 151-153, 430
Namespaces in XML recommendation, 335
      : (colon) character is reserved, 340
      impacting element/attribute names, 353
      namespace constraints, 365
      schemas and, 256
NamespaceSupport class (SAX), 522
namespaceURI attribute (Node interface), 501
namespace-uri( ) (XPath), 172, 425
name-value pairs, 16
narrative-oriented DTDs, 57
narrative-oriented XML documents
      DocBook, 95-98
      structure of, 90-92
      TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 92-95
national standard character sets, 79
native2ascii conversion tool (JDK), 81
natures of related resources, 239
NDATA declaration, 51
Netscape, displaying XML in, 113
newTransform( ), 456
nextSibling attribute (Node interface), 501
NMTOKEN attribute type, 43, 350
      values must be legal name tokens, 362
NMTOKENS attribute type, 43, 350
      values must be legal name tokens, 362
NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR exception (DOM), 481
Node interface (DOM), 299-303, 458
      attributes for, 499-505
      methods for, 505-509
node sets in XPath, 418
node tests in location paths, 165, 418, 421
node( )
      node test, 422
      XPath wildcard, 161
NodeList interface (DOM), 302, 509
      attribute for, 509
      method for, 509
nodeName attribute (Node interface), 301, 501
nodes in XML documents
      DOM and, 299-303
      XPath and, 154-174
      XSLT and, 145-148
node-set functions (XPath), 171
nodeType attribute (Node interface), 301, 502
nodeValue attribute (Node interface), 301, 503
NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR exception (DOM), 481
none value (display property), 212
normalize( ) (DOM)
      Element interface, 488
      Node interface, 508
normalize-space( ) (XPath), 173, 426
not( ) (XPath), 174, 426
NOTATION attribute type, 47, 338, 350
      not available for empty elements, 363
      only one per element type, 363
notation attributes, 363
NOTATION declaration, 51-53, 338, 352
      names must be unique, 365
      unparsed entities and, 365
Notation interface (DOM), 305
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy for, 459
notation syntax of XML, 294
notationName attribute (Entity interface), 493
NOTATION_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
notations attribute (DocumentType interface), 479
NOT_FOUND_ERR exception (DOM), 481
NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR exception (DOM), 481
number( ) (XPath), 174, 426
numbers in XPath, 168, 418
numeric functions (XPath), 174

O[ Top ]
OASIS DTD repository (xml.org), 58
object hierarchy (DOM), 459
object module (XHTML DTD), 115
object reference (DOM Level 2 Core), 460-512
object serialization and XML, 246
OCR-A characters, Unicode block for, 584
online validators, 33
Optical Character Recognition Unicode block, 584
org.xml.sax package, 316, 513-520
      ContentHandler interface and, 318-326
org.xml.sax.ext package, 528-530
org.xml.sax.helpers package, 520-526
org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLFilterImpl class, 328
org.xml.sax.XMLFilter interface, 328
origin( ), 200
outbound links, 187
output formats, 100
ownerDocument attribute (Node interface), 504
ownerElement attribute (Attr interface), 461

P[ Top ]
page-sequence element (XSL-FO), 220
      flowing content into pages, 223
param module (XHTML DTD), 115
parameter entities, XML specification for, 345
parameter entity declarations, 336, 346
      declaring, 364
parameter entity references, 53-55
      changing prefixes using, 70
      connecting XHTML modules, 114-116
      defining, with document model modules, 125-128
      external DTD subsets and, 54
      in DTD only, 358
      including declarations in, 356
      internal subsets and, 355
      location in DTD is important, 342
      mixing applications into XHTML, 119
      mixing XHTML into applications, 117-119
      proper nesting with
            conditional sections, 364
            markup declarations, 359
            parenthesized groups, 360
      redefining, 54
      syntax of, 53
      XLink elements and, 188
      XML specification for, 336, 342
      (see also entity references)
parent axis, 165, 421
parent elements, 14
      selecting with . . (double period), 163, 419
parentheses in element declarations, 38
parentNode attribute (Node interface), 504
parse( ) (SAX), 317
      using filters with, 331
parse( ) (XMLReader interface), 518
parsed character data, 19, 30
parsed general entities, 49
      attribute values and, 356
      no recursion allowed, 358
      text declarations and, 74
      XML specification for, 336, 346
ParserAdapter class (SAX), 523
parsers, validating, 8, 311
      associating schema documents with instance documents, 255, 257
      (see also XML, parsers)
PassiveTeX library, 227
pattern facet element, 273, 388
#PCDATA keyword, 30, 36
      in narrative-oriented documents, 91
PDF format for XSL-FO documents, 232
pictographic symbols, Unicode block for, 585
Pinard, FranÁois, 81
pixels (relative unit of length), 213
platform-dependent character sets, 79
points in XPointers, 195-197
position( ) (XPath), 170, 426
Post Schema Validation Infoset (PSVI), 372
preceding axis, 165, 421
preceding-sibling axis, 165, 421
predefined character references, 338, 341
predicates
      in location paths, 163, 419, 422
      optional part of location steps, 165
prefix attribute (Node interface), 504
prefixed names in XPointers, 195
prefixes
      binding to URIs, 64-66
      controlling namespace qualification, 264
      default namespaces and, 67, 354
      element names and, 63
      namespace constraints for, 365
      using parameter entity references to change, 70
preorder traversal, 142
presentation module (XHTML DTD), 114
previousSibling attribute (Node interface), 505
primitive types for schemas, 260, 396-413
      defining, 270
processing instruction nodes
      default template for, 148
      XPath data model and, 417
processing instructions, 21
      notations for targets of, 52
      parsers and, 293
      robots, 135
      web browser problems with, 108
      XML specification for, 336, 343
ProcessingInstruction interface (DOM), 304, 510
      attributes for, 510
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
processing-instruction( )
      location step, 160
      node test, 422
processingInstruction( ) (SAX), 319
      overriding, using filters, 329
PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
programming models used with XML, 287-295
prolog (XML document), 31, 339
properties
      of Cascading Style Sheets, 211-216
      controlling parser behavior for SAX, 326, 527
      of XSL-FO, 227-232
proprietary character sets, 79
pseudoattributes for xml-stylesheet processing instruction,110-112, 206
pseudoclass selectors, 209
pseudoelement selectors, 210
PSVI (Post Schema Validation Infoset), 372
PUBLIC keyword (document type declaration), 32
publicId attribute
      DocumentType interface, 480
      Entity interface, 493
punctuation characters, Unicode block for, 570
purposes of related resources, 240

Q[ Top ]
qualified names, 64
      defining, 70
      XML specification for, 354
quantum mechanics symbols, Unicode block for, 582
Query Language, XML, 11
&quot; (straight double quotes) entity reference, 20, 48
      declaring, 364
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 538
      XML specification for, 341

R[ Top ]
Ragget, Dave, 107
Rahtz, Sebastian, 227
range( ), 197
range-inside( ), 198
ranges in XPointers, 195, 197-199
range-to( ), 198
raw names, 64
      defining, 70
RDDL (Resource Directory Description Language), xii, 234-240
      document example, 236-238
      namespace URIs and, 67
      namespace URLs and, 234-238
      natures of related resources, 239
      purposes of related resources, 240
      syntax for, 235-238
rddl:resource element, 234-240
RDF (Resource Description Framework), xiii, 131
      Dublin Core and, 61-63, 134
recode (conversion tool), 81
region-after child element(XSL-FO), 221
region-before child element(XSL-FO), 221
region-body child element(XSL-FO), 221
region-end child element (XSL-FO), 221
region-start child element(XSL-FO), 221
regular expressions
      treating XML as text, 288
      xs:pattern element and, 388
related resources, 235
      natures of, 239
      purposes of, 240
relational operators in XPath, 164, 169
relative location paths, 419
      building compound location paths, 162
relative units of length (CSS properties), 213
relative XPointers, 200
RELAX NG schema language, 5, 10, 254
remote resources (extended links), 181
      third-party links and, 187
removeAttribute( ) (DOM), 489
removeAttributeNode( ) (DOM), 490
removeAttributeNS( ) (DOM), 489
removeChild( ) (DOM), 508
removeNamedItem( ) (DOM), 496
removeNamedItemNS( ) (DOM), 497
RenderX formatting program (XEP), 227
replaceChild( ) (DOM), 508
replaceData( ) (DOM), 466
repository of DTDs, 59
#REQUIRED default declaration, 47, 351
      value must be assigned to attributes, 363
Resource Description Framework (see RDF)
Resource Directory Description Language (see RDDL)
resource element (RDDL), 234-240
resource elements, 186
resources and RDF documents, 131
robots processing instruction, 135
role attribute (Xlink), 180
role attributes for arcs, 185
root element, 15, 339
      determining name of, 359
      in narrative-oriented documents, 90
      of TEI documents, 95
      vs. root node, 157
      of XSL-FO documents, 220
root interface (DOM Core), 299
root location path, 157, 419
root node
      default template for, 148
      vs. root element, 157
      XPath data model and, 416
round( ) (XPath), 170, 174, 427
Ruby Annotation (W3C specification), 118
ruby module (XHTML DTD), 116
Russian language, Unicode block for, 553-556

S[ Top ]
Sanskrit language, Unicode block for, 560
SAX 2.1, 11
SAX (Simple API for XML), xii, 10, 316-331
      Attributes interface, 513
      AttributesImpl class, 520
      ContentHandler interface, 318-326, 514
      controlling parser behavior with URIs, 326, 527
      DeclHandler interface, 528
      DefaultHandler class, 325, 521
      DTDHandler interface, 515
      EntityResolver interface, 515
      ErrorHandler interface, 516
      features of, 326, 527
      filters, 328-331
      InputSource class, 518
      LexicalHandler interface, 529
      Locator interface, 516
      LocatorImpl class, 522
      methods called by parser in ContentHandler, 319-323
      NamespaceSupport class, 522
SAX (Simple API for XML)
      nondeterministic code details, 323
      org.xml.sax package, 316, 513-520
      org.xml.sax.ext package, 528-530
      org.xml.sax.helpers package, 520-526
      ParserAdapter class, 523
      parsing a document with, 317
      properties of, 326, 528
      reference, 513-530
      SAX1 vs. SAX2, 316, 513
      SAXException class, 317, 518
      SAXNotRecognizedException class, 327, 519, 529
      SAXNotSupportedException class, 327, 520
      SAXParseException class, 519
      TrAX and, 456
      vs. DOM, 326
      XMLFilter interface, 517
      XMLFilterImpl class, 524
      XMLReader interface, 316, 517
      XMLReaderAdapter class, 526
      XMLReaderFactory class, 317, 526
SAXException class, 317, 518
SAXNotRecognizedException class, 327, 519, 529
SAXNotSupportedException class, 327, 520
SAXON (XSLT processor), 139
SAXParseException class (SAX), 519
sax.SAXCount class, 25, 34
Scalable Vector Graphics (see SVG)
schema languages, 5, 10
schema.net (DTD repository), 58
schemas, xii, 254-286
      abstract attribute, 283
      annotation elements in, 258-260
      attribute declarations and, 261
      complex types and, 265-267
      constructing, 256
      controlling namespace qualification, 264
      document organization, 257
      element content
            any type, 277-282
            empty elements, 268
            mixed, 274-276
            simple, 269-273
      elements of, 373-395
      enforcing element uniqueness, 283-286
      facets and, 270-273
      final attribute, 283
      fixed attribute, 283
      instance documents (see instance documents)
      keys and references, 284-286
      lists and, 273, 385
      using multiple documents, 278-280
      namespaces and, 256, 262-265, 372
      reference, 372-415
      simple types, 260, 396-413
            defining, 270
      targetNamespace attribute and, 263
      unions and, 274, 395
      valid/invalid documents and, 4
      vs. DTDs, 255
Schematron schema language, 5, 10, 254
      annotations and, 260
scripting module (XHTML DTD), 115
search methods on the web, 131-135
selectors for Cascading Style Sheets, 208-211
self axis, 165, 421
sequences in element declarations, 36
server-side image map module (XHTML DTD), 115
setAttribute( ) (DOM), 460, 490
setAttributeNode( ) (DOM), 460, 491
setAttributeNodeNS( ) (DOM), 492
setAttributeNS( ) (DOM), 491
setContentHandler( ) (SAX), 514
setDocumentLocator( ) (SAX), 319, 516
setDTDHandler( ) (SAX), 515
setEntityResolver( ) (SAX), 515
setErrorHandler( ) (SAX), 516
setFeature( ) (SAX), 327
setNamedItem( ) (DOM), 497
setNamedItemNS( ) (DOM), 498
setParent( ) (SAX), 331
setProperty( ) (SAX), 328, 528
SGML and XML, 8, 89
Shift_JIS encoding, 75, 532
show attribute (Xlink), 178
sibling elements, 14
Signatures, XML, 11
Simple API for XML (see SAX)
simple content and schemas, 269-273
simple links, 175
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), 245
simple types for schemas, 260, 396-413
      defining, 270
      facet elements for, 373
simple-page-master element(XSL-FO), 221-223
Slavic languages, Unicode block for, 553-556
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), 245
source code samples and CDATA sections, 20
Spacing Modifier Letters Unicode block, 550
special attributes, 337, 351
special characters entity set, 84, 538, 542
specified attribute (Attr interface), 461
Sperberg-McQueen, C.M., 9
splitText( ) (DOM), 511
standalone declaration, 24
      external DTD subsets and, 33
      setting value to "no", 359
      XML specification for, 336, 345
startDocument( ) (SAX), 319, 323
startElement( ) (SAX), 319, 513
      using filters with, 329
starting resources, 175
start-point( ), 197-199
startPrefixMapping( ) (SAX), 319
starts-with( ) (XPath), 170, 173, 427
start-tags, 13
      attributes and, 16
      XML specification for, 336, 353
strict DTD (XHTML), 107
string functions (XPath), 172
string( ) (XPath), 172, 427
string-length( ) (XPath), 173, 428
string-range( ), 199
strings
      in XPath, 168, 418
      internalized (SAX feature), 527
structural nodes (DOM Core), 304
structure module (XHTML DTD), 114
style attribute module (XHTML DTD), 116
style rules, 206
stylesheet element (XSLT), 137-139
stylesheet module (XHTML DTD), 116
stylesheets
      displaying XML in web browsers, 109-114
      document permanence and, 100
      (see also Cascading Style Sheets)
subcodes (languages), 85
substitution groups, 282
substring( ) (XPath), 173, 428
substring-after( ) (XPath), 173, 428
substring-before( ) (XPath), 173, 428
substringData( ) (DOM), 466
suffixes in element declarations, 37
sum( ) (XPath), 174, 429
super keyword and SAX filters, 330
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), xiii
      namespaces
            need for, 60
            syntax for, 64
            xmlns attribute and, 67
      prefixes and namespace URIs, 66
symbols entity set, 84, 539, 543-546
syntax structures of XML documents, 339-345
SYNTAX_ERR exception (DOM), 482
SYSTEM keyword (document type declaration), 32
systemId attribute
      DocumentType interface, 480
      Entity interface, 494
system-property( ) (XSLT), 455

T[ Top ]
table element (XSL-FO), 223
table elements (CSS display property), 212
table value (display property), 212
table-and-caption element(XSL-FO), 223
table-caption value (display property), 212
table-cell value (display property), 212
table-column value (display property), 212
table-column-group value (display property), 212
table-footer-group value (display property), 212
table-header-group value (display property), 212
table-row value (display property), 212
table-row-group value (display property), 212
tables module (XHTML DTD), 115
tag sets, 4
tagName attribute (Element interface), 485
tags
      empty-element, 336, 353
      matching, 356
      overlapping not allowed, 14
      start/end, 13, 336, 353
      syntax of, 13
target attribute (ProcessingInstruction interface), 511
target module (XHTML DTD), 116
targetNamespace attribute, 263
Tauber, James, 58
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 92-95
template rules, built-in, 139, 145-148
templates
      adding to XSLT stylesheets, 140
      xsl:apply-templates and, 142-145
text declarations
      external entities and, 50
      vs. XML declarations, 74
      XML specification for, 347
Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), 92-95
Text interface (DOM), 310, 511
      method for, 511
      nodeName attribute and, 502
      nodeValue attribute and, 503
      object hierarchy, 459
text module (XHTML DTD), 114
text nodes
      default template for, 146
      XPath data model and, 417
text properties
      Cascading Style Sheets, 214
      XSL-FO, 219
text( )
      location step, 160
      node test, 422
text-align property (CSS), 215
text-decoration property (CSS), 215
text-indent property (CSS), 215
TEXT_NODE (DOM node type) and nodeType attribute, 301, 502
text-transform property (CSS), 215
textual tools for XML documents, 288
text/xml MIME media type, 73
Thai characters
      ISO-8859-11 encoding, 79, 532
      Unicode block for, 561
third-party links, 187
Tibetan Unicode block, 562
Tidy (open source tool), 107
title attribute (Xlink), 180
title attributes for arcs, 185
title elements (extended links), 186
title pseudoattribute, 111, 207
to attribute (XLink), 182-187
Tobin, Richard, 33
top property (CSS), 212
totalDigits facet element, 273, 394
transform( ), 456
transformation languages, 100
transformations, XSL (see XSLT)
transitional DTD (XHTML), 108
translate( ) (XPath), 429
traversal
      Node interface and, 303
      xsl:apply-templates and, 142
TrAX (Transformations API for XML), 456
tree models for XML documents, 290
true( ) (XPath), 174, 429
Turing, Alan, 12-18, 28-32, 40, 56, 136-153, 155, 158, 164, 172
      JPEG image of, 51, 177
Turing complete programming languages, 5
type attribute (Xlink), 176
type derivation (see derived types)
type libraries, 280
type pseudoattribute, 110, 206

U[ Top ]
UCS-2 encoding, 76
UCS-4 encoding, 82
unabbreviated location paths, 164-167
unassigned code points (Unicode), 533
Underwood, Walter, 135
Unicode blocks, 546-586
      Arabic, 558
      Armenian, 556
      Arrows, 572
      Currency Symbols, 571
      Cyrillic, 553-556
      Devanagari, 560
      Dingbat, 586
      General Punctuation, 570
      Geometric Shapes, 584
      Greek Extended, 568-570
      Greek/Coptic, 552
      Hebrew, 557
      IPA Extensions, 549
      Latin Extended Additional, 566
      Latin Extended-A, 546
      Latin Extended-B, 548
      Letter-like Symbols, 572
      Mathematical Operators, 573
      Miscellaneous Symbols, 585
      Miscellaneous Technical, 582
      Optical Character Recognition, 584
      Spacing Modifier Letters, 550
      Thai, 561
      Tibetan, 562
Unicode character classes, 390
Unicode characters, 72-85
      character references and, 340
      character set names, 531-533
      character tables for, 533-538
      encoding attribute in XML declaration, 23
Uniform Resource Identifiers (see URIs)
Uniform Resource Names (URNs), 31
units of length (CSS), 212
unparsed general entities, 51-53, 295
      declaring notations, 365
      not allowed in entity references, 358
      XML specification for, 336, 347
unparsed-entity-uri( ) (XSLT), 456
unqualified names, XML specification for, 354
URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers), 31
      assigning elements to, 63
      binding prefixes to, 64-66
      controlling parser behavior for SAX, 326, 527
      conventions for using, 64
      XPointer syntax and, xii
      xs:anyURI type and, 260, 396
URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) and XPointers, 190
URNs (Uniform Resource Names), 31
UTF-16 encoding, 75, 77, 531
      encoding declaration and, 345
      omitting encoding declaration, 73
UTF-8 encoding, 23, 75, 531
      encoding declaration and, 345
      internationalization and, 77
      omitting encoding declaration, 73

V[ Top ]
validating parsers, 8, 311
      associating schema documents with instance documents, 255, 257
      (see also XML, parsers)
validity constraints, 358-365
validity errors, 8, 27, 34
value attribute (Attr interface), 461
version information attribute, XML specification for, 336, 344
Vietnamese language, Unicode block most useful for, 566
visited pseudoclass, 209

W[ Top ]
W3C
      recommended form of XHTML, 107
      standard DTDs and, 59
      standards endorsed by, xiii
      styling XML documents, 10
      templates for
            defining the namespace URI and prefix names, 120
            importing standard modules, 128-131
            naming attributes and elements, 123
Walsh, Norman, 95
web browsers
      CSS stylesheets in, 206, 232
      displaying XML in, 109-114
      document validation and, 33
      link behavior in, 177
      linkbases and, 187
      support for XHTML, 108
      XLinks support, 175
      XPointers and, 191
web search methods, 131-135
well-formedness, 4, 12
      changing HTML to XHTML, 103
      checking documents for, 24
      constraints recognized by XML 1.0 parsers, 355-358
      errors, 8, 24, 27
      SAX filters, problems with, 330
      SAXParseException and, 519
      XSLT stylesheets and, 141
whitespace
      in element contents, 13
      in XML names, 18
      stripping, 446
      XML specification for, 336, 339
      xs:whiteSpace facet element, 271, 395
white-space property (CSS), 215
width property (CSS), 212
wildcards and location paths, 161
Windows ANSI character set, 80
World Wide Web Consortium (see W3C)
WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR exception (DOM), 481

X[ Top ]
Xalan (Apache XML Project XSLT processor), 139
XEP (RenderX formatting program), 227
Xerces-J parser, 25, 257
#xFEFF Unicode character, 76
XFragment, 11
XHTML, xii, 102-109
      creating a valid document, 104
      DTDs for, 107
      example of a valid document, 105
      moving from HTML to, 103-107
      replacing standard DTD, 128-131
      vs. HTML, 103
      web browser support for, 108
XHTML 1.1, 102, 114-131
      creating your own XHTML, 120-131
      list of modules, 114-116
      mixing applications into, 119
      mixing modules into applications, 116-119
      Module-based XHTML (W3C specification), 117
XHTML Basic and RDDL, 235
%xhtml11-ruby.module, 116
%xhtml-applet.module, 114
%xhtml-base.module, 116
%xhtml-basic-form.module, 115
%xhtml-basic-table.module, 115
%xhtml-bdo.module, 115
%xhtml-csismap.module, 115
%xhtml-edit.module, 114
%xhtml-events.module, 115
%xhtml-form.module, 115
%xhtml-frames.module, 115
%xhtml-hypertext.module, 114
%xhtml-iframe.module, 115
%xhtml-image.module, 115
%xhtml-inlstyle.module, 116
%xhtml-legacy.module, 116
%xhtml-link.module, 116
%xhtml-list.module, 114
%xhtml-meta.module, 115
%xhtml-nameident.module, 116
%xhtml-object.module, 115
%xhtml-param.module, 115
%xhtml-pres.module, 114
%xhtml-script.module, 115
%xhtml-ssismap.module, 115
%xhtml-struct.module, 114
%xhtml-style.module, 116
%xhtml-table.module, 115
%xhtml-target.module, 116
%xhtml-text.module, 114
XInclude, 11
XLink (Extensible Linking Language), xii, 10
xlink:actuate attribute, 178
xlink:arcrole attribute, 185
      rddl:resource elements and, 235-238
xlink:from attribute, 182-187
xlink:href attribute, 176
      locator elements and, 181
      rddl:resource elements and, 235
xlink:label attribute, 181
      local resources and, 186
xlink:role attribute, 180
      local resources and, 186
      locator elements and, 182
      rddl:resource elements and, 235-238
XLinks, 175-189
      DTDs for, 188
      extended links, 180-187
      link behavior, 177-179
      simple links, 175
      third-party links, 187
      XPointers and, 192
xlink:show attribute, 178
xlink:title attribute, 180
      arc elements and, 185
      local resources and, 186
      locator elements and, 182
xlink:to attribute, 182-187
xlink:type attribute, 176
      arc elements and, 182-186
      extended links and, 180
      local resources and, 186
      locator elements and, 181
      values of, 177
XML
      benefits of, 3-5
      comments, 21
      communications protocols and, 245
      data format, 6, 243-253
      displaying in web browsers, 109-114
      documents, 12
            associating stylesheets with, 206
            counting elements/attributes, 323-326
            default character set for, 81
            grammar for, 366-371
            narrative-oriented, 90-92
            nodes in, 145-148
            parsing with DOM, 311
            permanence of, 98-100
            syntax structures, 339-345
            transforming and presenting, 100
            tree structure of, 154-157
            validating, 4, 28-35, 254
      enterprise applications and, 244
      evolution of, 8-11
      filters, implementing, 524
      how it works, 7
      name tokens, 43
      names, 18, 43, 336, 340
      namespaces (see namespaces)
      object serialization and, 246
      parsers, 7
            checking documents for well-formedness, 24
            checking the character set, 81
            comparing namespace URIs, 67
            determining character encoding, 73
            event-based, 288-290
            handling namespaces, 69
            text-processing tools and, 288
            XMLReader interface and, 517
      processing instructions (see processing instructions)
      processing issues, 292-295
            comments, 293
            links, 295
            notations, 294
            references, 295
            unparsed entities, 295
      processing models, 287-292
            abstracting XML, 291
            event-based, 288-290
            extensions/standards, 291
            text-based, 287
            tree-based, 290
      resources, 287
      schema languages, 5, 10
      SGML and, 8
      stylesheets, 109-114
      trees, 14
XML Canonicalization, 11, 293
XML declaration, 23
      web browser problems with, 108
      XML specification for, 336, 344
XML Encryption, 11
XML Information Set, 10
XML Query Language, 11
XML Schema Language (see entries under schemas)
XML Signatures, 11
XML Validation Form (Brown University), 33
XML-defined character sets, 75
XMLFilter interface (SAX), 328, 517
XMLFilterImpl class (SAX), 328, 524
xml:lang attribute, 85, 352
xmlns attribute
      SAX core feature, 527
      setting default namespaces with, 67, 354
      in XPath data model, 157
xml.org (DTD repository), 58
XMLReader interface (SAX), 316, 517
      ContentHandler interface and, 318
      counting elements/attributes in a document, 325
      SAX filters and, 330
      validating parsers, 326
XMLReaderAdapter class (SAX), 526
XMLReaderFactory class (SAX), 317, 526
xml:space attribute, 351
xml-stylesheet processing instruction, 22
      associating stylesheets with XML documents, 206
      pseudoattributes used in, 110-112
xml-stylesheet processing instructions
      XSLT stylesheets and, 139
XPath, xii, 10, 154-174
      arithmetic operators in, 168
      Boolean expressions, 169, 417
      Boolean functions, 174
      comparison operators, 169
      data model, 157, 416
      expressions, 167-170, 417
            XSLT elements and, 142-144
      functions, 170-174, 423-429
      location paths, 157-163, 418
            axes, 165
            node tests, 165
      node sets in, 418
XPath
      node-set functions, 171
      numbers in, 168, 418
      numeric functions, 174
      predicates in location paths, 163, 419, 422
      reference, 416-429
      relational operators, 164, 169
      string functions, 172
      strings in, 168, 418
      unabbreviated location paths, 164-167
xpointer( ), 191
XPointers, xii, 10, 190-199
      bare names, 193
      changing context nodes for, 200
      in links, 192
      namespaces and, 195
      points in, 195-197
      ranges in, 195, 197-199
      on URLs, 190
xs:all element, 275, 374
xs:annotation element, 258-260, 374
xs:any element, 277, 375
xs:anyAttribute element, 277, 375
xs:anySimpleType type, 396
xs:anyType type, 269, 396
xs:anyURI type, 260, 396
xs:appinfo element, 259, 376
xs:attribute element, 261, 376
xs:attributeGroup element, 262, 378
xs:base64Binary type, 260, 397
xs:boolean type, 260, 398
xs:byte type, 260, 398
xs:choice element, 275, 378
xs:complexContent element, 269, 378
xs:complexType element, 261, 265, 269, 379
xs:date type, 398
xs:dateTime type, 260, 399
xs:decimal type, 399
xs:documentation element, 258, 379
xs:double type, 400
xs:duration type, 260, 400
xs:element element, 260, 380
xs:ENTITIES type, 260, 401
xs:ENTITY type, 260, 401
xs:enumeration facet element, 272, 381
xs:extension element, 261, 280, 382
xs:field element, 284, 382
xs:float type, 401
xs:fractionDigits facet element, 273, 382
xs:gDay type, 402
xs:gMonth type, 402
xs:gMonthDay type, 403
xs:group element, 276, 383
xs:gYear type, 403
xs:gYearMonth type, 404
xs:hexBinary type, 404
xs:ID type, 260, 404
xs:IDREF type, 260, 405
xs:IDREFS type, 260, 405
xs:import element, 280, 383
xs:include element, 278, 384
xsi:nil attribute, 413
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation attribute, 255, 414
xs:int type, 405
xs:integer type, 261, 405
xsi:schemaLocation attribute, 255, 263, 414
xsi:type attribute, 281, 415
xs:key element, 284-286, 384
xs:keyref element, 284, 385
XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), 9
xs:language type, 261, 406
xsl:apply-imports element, 432
xsl:apply-templates element, 142-145, 433
xsl:attribute element, 433
xsl:attribute-set element, 434
xsl:call-template element, 434
xsl:choose element, 435
xsl:comment element, 435
xsl:copy element, 435
xsl:copy-of element, 436
xsl:decimal-format element, 172, 436, 453
xsl:element element, 437
xs:length facet element, 271, 385
xsl:fallback element, 438
XSL-FO (XSL Formatting Objects), 4, 9, 202, 217-233
      documents
            boxes in, 218
            generating, 224-227
            programs for working with, 227
            structure of, 220
      laying out master pages, 221-227
      properties, 227-232
      vs. CSS, 232
xsl:for-each element, 438
xsl:if element, 439
xsl:import element, 439
xsl:include element, 439
xs:list element, 273, 385
xsl:key element, 440
xsl:message element, 440
xsl:namespace-alias element, 441
xsl:number element, 441
xs:long type, 406
xsl:otherwise element, 443
xsl:output element, 443
xsl:param element, 444
xsl:preserve-space element, 445
xsl:processing-instruction element, 445
xsl:sort element, 446
xsl:strip-space element, 446
xsl:stylesheet element, 137-139, 447
XSLT, xii, 9, 136-153
      functions, 452-456
      Internet Explorer and, 112
      Mozilla and, 113
      Netscape and, 113
      processors, 136, 139
            problems with incorrect namespace URIs, 138
      transforming XML documents, 101, 291
XSLT stylesheets, 136
      adding templates to, 140
      attribute value templates, 151
      built-in template rules and, 145-148
      elements, categories of, 430-432
      flowing content into pages, 224
      MIME media type for, 110
      modes and, 149
      namespaces and, 151-153, 430
      rddl:resource elements and, 238
      transforming documents intoXSL-FO documents, 224-227, 229-232
      XSL-FO and, 217
      xsl:stylesheet element and, 137-139, 447
xsl:template element, 140, 448
xsl:text element, 449
xsl:transform element, 449
xsl:value-of element, 141, 449
      string( ) and, 172
xsl:variable element, 450
xsl:vendor property, 455
xsl:vendor-url property, 455
xsl:version property, 455
xsl:when element, 451
xsl:with-param element, 451
xs:maxExclusive facet element, 272, 385
xs:maxInclusive facet element, 272, 386
xs:maxLength facet element, 271, 386
xs:minExclusive facet element, 272, 386
xs:minInclusive facet element, 272, 387
xs:minLength facet element, 271, 387
xs:Name type, 261, 407
xs:NCName type, 407
xs:negativeInteger type, 407
xs:NMTOKEN type, 260, 408
xs:NMTOKENS type, 260, 408
xs:nonNegativeInteger type, 408
xs:nonPositiveInteger type, 409
xs:normalizedString type, 261, 409
xs:notation element, 388
xs:NOTATION type, 260, 409
xs:pattern facet element, 273, 388
xs:positiveInteger type, 410
xs:QName type, 410
xs:redefine element, 279, 391
xs:restriction element, 271, 281, 391
xs:schema element, 257, 392
      controlling namespace qualification, 264
      target namespaces and, 263
xs:selector element, 284, 393
xs:sequence element, 266, 275, 393
xs:short type, 410
xs:simpleContent element, 261, 269, 393
xs:simpleType element, 265, 270, 394
xs:string type, 261, 270, 411
xs:time type, 411
xs:token type, 261, 411
xs:totalDigits facet element, 273, 394
xs:union element, 274, 395
xs:unique element, 284, 395
xs:unsignedByte type, 412
xs:unsignedInt type, 412
xs:unsignedLong type, 412
xs:unsignedShort type, 413
xs:whiteSpace facet element, 271, 395

Y[ Top ]
Yiddish language, Unicode block for, 557

Z[ Top ]
Zapf Dingbats font, Unicode block for, 586


[ Cafe con Leche | XML in a Nutshell Home Page | Examples | Corrections | Index | Order ]

Copyright 2002 Elliotte Rusty Harold
elharo@metalab.unc.edu
Last Modified June 20, 2002