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XML in a Nutshell Index

[ Symbols ], [ A ], [ B ], [ C ], [ D ], [ E ], [ F ], [ G ], [ H ], [ I ], [ J ], [ K ], [ L ], [ M ], [ N ], [ O ], [ P ], [ Q ], [ R ], [ S ], [ T ], [ U ], [ V ], [ W ], [ X ], [ Y ], [ Z ]

Symbols

* asterisk
      CSS universal selector, 197
      node test, 304
      suffix for element names, 35, 291
      XPath arithmetic operator, 161
      XPath wildcard, 154
@ at sign (selecting an attribute), 152, 302
@* at-sign asterisk (XPath wildcard), 154
: colon (use within names), 280
: : double colon (axis-node test separator), 158, 301
/ / double forward slash (selecting from all descendants), 156
. . double period (selecting parent element), 156, 302
= equals sign (CSS attribute value selector), 197
/ forward slash
      building compound location paths, 155, 302
      root location path, 150, 301
> greater-than sign (CSS child element selector), 197
< less-than sign (not allowed in attribute values), 271
- minus sign (XPath arithmetic operator), 161
( ) parentheses in element declarations, 36
. period (selecting current element), 156, 302
+ plus sign
      CSS sibling element selector, 197
      suffix for element names, 35, 291
      XPath arithmetic operator, 161
? question mark (suffix for element names), 35, 291
# sharp sign (CSS attribute selector), 198
[ ] square brackets (CSS attribute selector), 197
~ = tilde equals sign (CSS attribute selector), 197
| vertical bar (multiple XPath matches), 155
| = vertical bar equals sign (CSS attribute selector), 198

A

abbreviated location paths, 150-158, 301-304
absolute location paths, 150, 302
      building compound location paths, 156
      id() and, 165
absolute units of length (CSS properties), 202
active pseudo-class, 198
actuate attribute (see xlink:actuate attribute)
Adapter design pattern, 410, 412
Adobe Zapf Dingbats font, Unicode block for, 456
after pseudo-element, 199
alternate pseudo-attribute, 107, 196
&amp; (ampersand) entity reference, 18, 46
      declaring, 279
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 424
      XML specification for, 281
ancestor axis, 158, 303
ancestor-or-self axis, 159, 303
ANY element type, 38, 267, 290
Apache XML Project
      Cocoon (XSLT processor), 132
      FOP (formatting program), 216
      Xalan (XSLT processor), 132
      Xerces-J (parser), 24
APL programming language symbols, Unicode block for, 453
&apos; (apostrophe) entity reference, 18, 46
      declaring, 279
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 424
      XML specification for, 281
appendChild() (DOM), 393
appendData() (DOM), 350
Apple Computer and character sets, 75
applet module (XHTML DTD), 110
apply-imports element (see xsl:apply-imports element)
apply-templates element (see xsl:apply-templates element)
Arabic Unicode block, 441
arcrole attribute (see xlink:arcrole attribute)
arcs, 175-179
      multiple arcs from one arc element, 176-178
      role attributes, 178
      title attributes, 178
arithmetic operators in XPath, 161
Armenian Unicode block, 439
Arrows Unicode block, 451
ASCII character set, 420
<!ATTLIST> declaration, 39-46
ATTLIST declaration, 39-46
      XML specification for, 267, 291
      xml:lang attribute and, 82
      xmlns attribute and, 66
Attr interface (DOM), 244, 347
      attributes for, 347
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 390
      object hierarchy, 346
attribute axis, 158, 304
attribute declarations, 39-46
      xmlns attribute and, 66
attribute defaults, 45
      default value clauses for, 292
      normal attribute values and, 278
attribute element (see xsl:attribute element)
attribute nodes
      default template for, 139
      XPath data model and, 299
attribute types, 39-45
      enumeration, 41, 292
            vs. NOTATION, 45
      NOTATION, 292
      simple, 267, 291
attribute value templates, 144
attribute values
      ensuring validity of, 274
      external entities and, 271
      no < allowed in, 271
ATTRIBUTE_NODE (DOM node type), 238
      importNode() and, 363
      nodeType attribute and, 390
attributes
      accessing, 401
      default namespaces and, 65
      location steps, 152, 302
      matching multiple, 155
      notation, 277
      selecting, 197
      special, 267, 293
      unique names for, 271
      vs. child elements, 16
      in XML declarations, 21-23
      XML elements and, 15-17, 347
      XML specification for, 268, 295
attributes attribute (Node interface), 387
Attributes interface (SAX), 400
attribute-set element (see xsl:attribute-set element)
AttributesImpl class (SAX), 407
axes, 158, 301-304

B

background-color property (CSS), 205
Backus-Naur-Form (BNF) grammar, 341
bare name XPointers, 185
base module (XHTML DTD), 111
basic forms module (XHTML DTD), 110
basic tables module (XHTML DTD), 110
before pseudo-element, 199
bidirectional text module (XHTML DTD), 110
big-endian UCS-2, 72
biztalk.org (DTD repository), 56
block areas (XSL-FO), 208
      flowing content into pages, 213
      splitting, 209
block elements
      CSS display property, 200
      (see also fo:block elements)
block-container element (see fo:block-container element)
%Block.extra; parameter entity reference, 115
%Block.mix; entity reference, 113
BNF (Backus-Naur-Form) grammar, 341
boolean() (XPath), 167, 306
Booleans
      used by SAX features, 259
      XPath expressions, 162, 300
      XPath functions, 167
border-color property (CSS), 205
border-width property (CSS), 201
Bosak, Jon, 9
Bray, Tim, 9
Brown University Scholarly Technology Group, 32
browsers (see web browsers)
built-in template rules, 132, 138-141
byte order mark, 73

C

C++ and XML parsers, 231
C programming language and XML parsers, 231
C0 controls in ASCII character sets, 421
C1 controls in ISO-8859 character sets, 422
call-template element (see xsl:call-template element)
Canonical XML, 10
Cascading Stylesheets (CSS), 97, 191-205
      color properties, 204
      display property, 200-201
      font properties, 202
      selectors, 197-200
      style rules for, 195
      syntax of, 193-195
      text properties, 203
      vs. XSL-FO, 221
      web browser support for, 221
      XML documents and, 195
      (see also stylesheets)
Cascading Stylesheets Level 1 (CSS1), 106, 193
Cascading Stylesheets Level 2 (CSS2), 106, 193
      web browser support for, 221
Cascading Stylesheets Level 3 (CSS3), 193
      web support for, 221
case sensitivity in elements, 12
CDATA attribute type, 40, 291
CDATA sections, 19
      LexicalHandler interface and, 415
      XML specification for, 268, 281
      (see also character data)
CDATASection interface (DOM), 245, 348
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
CDATA_SECTION_NODE (DOM node type), 238
      importNode() and, 364
      nodeType attribute and, 390
CDF (Channel Definition Framework), xiii
ceiling() (XPath), 167, 306
character data, 12-15
      comments in, 20
      parsed, 18
      (see also CDATA entries)
character data characters (Unicode), 419
character encodings, 69
      auto-detection of, 284
character references, 78-81
      for HTML 4.0 entity sets, 425-432
      predefined, 269, 281
      XML specification for, 267, 271, 280
character sets, 69, 417-458
      ASCII, 420
      converting between, 76
      Cp1252, 422
      ISO, 74
      names of, 417-419
      national standard, 75
      platform-dependent, 75
      Unicode, 72-74
      XML document default, 77
      XML-defined, 71
character tables for Unicode, 419-424
CharacterData interface (DOM), 349-354
      attributes for, 349
      methods for, 350-354
characters() (SAX), 253-256
charset pseudo-attribute, 107, 196
child axis, 158, 303
child elements, 13, 34
      determining the number of, 35
      location steps, 151, 302
      in narrative-oriented documents, 87
      vs. attributes, 16
childNodes attribute (Node interface), 387
Chinese characters
      using subcodes for dialects, 82
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 73, 417
choices in element declarations, 36
choose element (see xsl:choose element)
Clark, James, 9, 231, 419
client-side image map module (XHTML DTD), 111
cloneNode() (DOM), 393
CML (Chemical Markup Language), xii
Cocoon (Apache XML Project XSLT processor), 132
code points, 69
      unassigned, 419
code samples and CDATA sections, 19
color property (CSS), 204
COM-based parser and XML, 232
command-line XSLT processors, 132
comment element (see xsl:comment element)
Comment interface (DOM), 244, 354
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
comment nodes
      default template for, 141
      XPath data model and, 300
comment()
      location step, 153
      node test, 304
COMMENT_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 364
      nodeType attribute and, 390
comments
      IGNORE directive acting as, 53
      in XML documents, 20
      XML specification for, 234, 268, 283
communications protocols and XML, 226
comparison operators in XPath, 162
Comprehensive Perl Archive Network, 231
concat() (XPath), 164, 306
conditional sections, 267, 294
      parameter entity nesting and, 278
constrained child nodes, 267, 291
constraints
      validity, 273-279
      well-formedness, 266-273
container nodes, 186-188
contains() (XPath), 166, 306
content models in element declarations, 34
content nodes (DOM Core), 241-245
ContentHandler interface (SAX), 252-259, 401
      methods called by parser, 253-256
      overriding methods in, 258
      vs. java.net.ContentHandler class, 252
context node, 302
      attribute location steps and, 152
      child element location steps and, 151
      compound location paths and, 155
      unabbreviated location paths and, 158
Coptic Unicode block, 436
copy element (see xsl:copy element)
copy-of element (see xsl:copy-of element)
count() (XPath), 164, 307
Cover, Robin, 57
Cp1252 character set, 76, 422
createAttribute() (DOM), 356
createAttributeNS() (DOM), 356
createCDATASection() (DOM), 357
createComment() (DOM), 358
createDocument() (DOM), 370
createDocumentFragment() (DOM), 358
createDocumentType() (DOM), 371
createElement() (DOM), 358
createElementNS() (DOM), 359
createEntityReference() (DOM), 360
createProcessingInstruction() (DOM), 360
createTextNode() (DOM), 361
createXMLReader() (SAX), 251, 413
CSS (see Cascading Stylesheets)
CSS1 (Cascading Stylesheets Level 1), 106, 193
CSS2 (Cascading Stylesheets Level 2), 106, 193
      web browser support for, 221
CSS3 (Cascading Stylesheets Level 3), 193
      web support for, 221
Currency Symbols Unicode block, 450
current() (XSLT), 340
Cyrillic Unicode block, 437-439

D

data attribute
      CharacterData interface, 349
      ProcessingInstruction interface, 398
data format, XML (see XML, data format)
data storage/retrieval and XML, 227
databases and XML, 5, 227
data-oriented DTDs, 54
decimal character references, 78
decimal format patterns, 322, 341
decimal-format element (see xsl:decimal-format element)
declarations
      attribute, 39-46
      commenting out, 53
      DeclHandler interface and, 415
      default, 45, 278, 292
      document type, 29-31
      element (see element declarations)
      element type (see element type declarations)
      encoding, 69, 268, 285
      general entity, 46, 267, 287
      notation, 269, 293
            names must be unique, 279
            unparsed entities and, 279
      standalone, 268, 285
      text (see text declarations)
DeclHandler interface (SAX), 415
default declarations for attributes, 45
      in element type declarations, 292
      XML specification for, 278
default namespaces, setting, 65
default templates for XML document nodes, 139-141
default values, XML specification for, 267, 292
DefaultHandler class (SAX), 258, 408
deleteData() (DOM), 351
descendant axis, 158, 303
descendant-or-self axis, 159, 303
Devanagari Unicode block, 443
DHTML and XML, 227
Dingbats Unicode block, 456
display property (CSS), 200-201
div (XPath arithmetic operator), 161
DocBook, 91-94
DocmentType interface (DOM) and nodeValue attribute, 391
doctype attribute (Document interface), 355
<!DOCTYPE> declaration, 29, 273
document element (see root element)
Document interface (DOM), 241, 354-364
      attributes for, 355
      methods for, 356-364
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
Document Object Model (see DOM)
Document Style Sheet and Semantics Language (DSSSL), 9, 97
document type declaration, 29-31, 273
document type definitions (see DTDs)
document() (XSLT), 340
documentElement attribute (Document interface), 355
DocumentFragment interface (DOM), 243, 364
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 363
      nodeType attribute and, 390
DOCUMENT_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 363
      nodeType attribute and, 390
documents, XML (see XML, documents)
DocumentType interface (DOM), 240, 365-367
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      object hierarchy, 346
      properties for, 366-367
DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 363
      nodeType attribute and, 390
DOM Core, 237, 345
      node types, 240-245
DOM (Document Object Model), xii, 229, 236-249
      document structure, 239
      IDL (Interface Definition Language) notation and, 236
      Level 1 vs. Level 2, 345
      memory usage, 237
      Node interface, 238, 345
      non-standard extensions for, 232
      object hierarchy, 237, 346
      parsing a document with, 238
      processing instructions and, 233
      reference, 345-399
      sample application, 245-249
      vs. SAX, 230
DOM Level 1 (see DOM)
DOM Level 2, 236
      DOMImplementation interface, 245
      importNode method provided by, 242
      vs. Level 1, 345
DOMException interface, 368-369
DOMImplementation interface, 241, 245, 370-372
      methods for, 370-372
DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR exception, 368
DSSSL (Document Style Sheet and Semantics Language), 9, 97
DTDHandler interface (SAX), 402
DTDs, 4, 26-57
      attribute declarations, 39-46
      data-oriented, 54
      defining general entity references, 79
      document permanence and, 95
      element declarations, 34-39
      enforcement rules, 228
      external subsets (see external DTD subsets)
      finding standard, 56
      general entities, 48-51
      general entity declarations, 46
      internal subsets (see internal DTD subsets)
      namespaces and, 67
      narrative-oriented, 55, 86-88
      parameter entities, 51-53
      repository of, 57
      specifying rules using, 7
      standalone attribute and, 23
      TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 88-91
      validating XML documents, 26-33
      for XHTML, 104
      for XLinks, 181
      XML specification for, 285-294
Dublin Core, 125-128

E

EBNF (Extended Bacchus-Naur Form) grammar, 295
edit module (XHTML DTD), 110
electronics symbols, Unicode block for, 453
<!ELEMENT> declaration, 34-39
ELEMENT declaration, 34-39
element declarations, 28, 34-39
      constructing, 275
      matching elements with DTD rules, 274
element element (see xsl:element element)
Element interface (DOM), 243, 372-380
      attribute for, 373
      methods for, 373-380
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 390
      object hierarchy, 346
element names
      matching, 270
      in namespaces and DTDs, 67
      prefixes and, 61
      suffixes for, 35
      using choices in, 36
      using namespaces to resolve conflicts, 58-61
element nodes
      default template for, 141
      XPath data model and, 299
element type declarations
      duplicates types not allowed, 275
      uniqueness required for, 275
      XML specification for, 267, 290-293
element-available() (XSLT), 340
ELEMENT_NODE (DOM node type), 238
      importNode() and, 363
      nodeType attribute and, 390
elements
      attributes and, 15-17, 347
      calculating the value of, 134
      case sensitivity in, 12
      documents and, 12
      empty (see empty elements)
      entity references in, 18
      location steps, 151, 301
      matching multiple, 155
      matching names, 270
      mixed content of, 14
      in narrative-oriented documents, 87
      overlapping not allowed, 13
      XML specification for, 294
empty elements, 12
      in element declarations, 38, 290
      NOTATION attributes unavailable, 277
      web browser problems with, 105
      XML specification for, 268, 295
encoding declaration, 22, 69
      XML specification for, 268, 285
encodings, list of, 71
end tags, 12
      XML specification for, 268, 294
endDocument() (SAX), 256
endElement() (SAX), 254-256
ending resources, 169
end-point(), 188
endPrefixMapping() (SAX), 255
enterprise applications and XML, 226
entities
      external parsed, 48
            SAX core feature, 414
            text declarations and, 70
      external unparsed, 49-51
            declaring notations, 279
            XML specification for, 268, 288
      parameter (see parameter entity references)
entities attribute (DocumentType interface), 366
ENTITIES attribute type, 45, 292
ENTITY attribute type, 44, 292
      embedding unparsed entities in documents, 50
      unparsed entities in DTD and, 276
<!ENTITY> declaration, 47-49, 281
ENTITY declaration, 47-49, 281
      absent from entity references, 271
Entity interface (DOM), 241, 380
      attributes for, 380
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
entity references, 18, 46
      attribute values and external entities, 271
      LexicalHandler interface and, 415
      simplifying document parsing, 282
      unparsed entity names not allowed, 272
      web browser problems with, 105
      with no entity declarations, 271
      XHTML 1.1 DTD, 112
      XML parsers and, 234
      XML specification for, 282
      (see also general entity references; parameter entity references)
entity sets
      HTML 4.0, 424-432
      XHTML 1.0 DTD, 80, 424
ENTITY_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 363
      nodeType attribute and, 390
EntityReference interface (DOM), 244, 382
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 364
      nodeType attribute and, 390
EntityResolver interface (SAX), 402
enumeration attribute type, 41, 267, 292
      assigning a value to, 278
      vs. NOTATION attribute type, 45
ErrorHandler interface (SAX), 403
errors
      ErrorHandler interface (SAX) and, 403
      SAXException class and, 405-407
      validity, 7, 26, 32
      well-formedness, 7, 23-25, 26
escape sequences, 18
EUC_JP encoding, 71, 419
event-driven models, 230, 250
ExceptionCodes (DOM), 368-369
exceptions (see errors)
expat parser
      C programming language support, 231
      support for character encodings, 419
Extended Bacchus-Naur Form (EBNF) grammar, 295
Extended Interfaces (DOM Core), 237
extended links, 173-180
      arc elements, 175-179
      local resources, 179
      locator elements, 174
      title elements, 179
      XPointers and, 184
Extensible Linking Language (XLL), 9
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (see XSLT)
Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL), 9
extent attributes (XSL-FO), 212
external DTD subsets, 31
      general entity references and, 80
      parameter entity references and, 52
      text declarations and, 71
      XML specification for, 267, 270, 289
external general entities, 268, 287
      parsed, 48
            attribute values and, 271
            no recursion allowed, 272
            SAX core feature, 414
            text declarations and, 70
      unparsed, 49-51, 288
            declaring notations, 279
external parameter entity references, 53
      SAX core feature, 414

F

fallback element (see xsl:fallback element)
false() (XPath), 167, 307
Feynman, Richard, 129-146, 148, 151, 157, 159, 165
firstChild attribute (Node interface), 387
first-child pseudo-class, 198
first-letter pseudo-element, 199
first-line pseudo-element, 199
#FIXED default declaration, 45, 293
      explicit value must match default value, 278
floor() (XPath), 167, 307
flow child element (see fo:flow child element)
%Flow.mix; entity reference, 113
fo:block elements, 209, 213
fo:block-container element, 213
focus pseudo-class, 199
fo:flow child element, 212
fo:layout-master-set element, 210, 212
fo:list-block element, 213
following axis, 159, 303
following-sibling axis, 159, 303
font properties (CSS), 202
font-family property (CSS), 202
font-size property (CSS), 201
font-stretch property (CSS), 203
font-style property (CSS), 203
font-variant property (CSS), 203
font-weight property (CSS), 203
FOP (Apache XML Project formatting program), 216
fo:page-sequence element, 210
      flowing content into pages, 212
for-each element (see xsl:for-each element)
fo:region-after child element, 211
fo:region-before child element, 211
fo:region-body child element, 211
fo:region-end child element, 211
fo:region-start child element, 211
format-number() (XSLT), 322, 341
formatting objects (see XSL-FO)
forms module (XHTML DTD), 110
fo:root element, 209
fo:simple-page-master element, 210-212
fo:table element, 213
fo:table-and-caption element, 213
fragment identifiers, 183
frames module (XHTML DTD), 111
frameset DTD (XHTML), 104
from attribute (see xlink:from attribute)
function-available() (XSLT), 342
functions
      XPath, 163-167, 305-314
      XSLT, 339-344
Fundamental Interfaces (DOM Core), 237

G

Galazka, Wojciech, 77
general entities
      external parsed, 48
            attribute values and, 271
            no recursion allowed, 272
            SAX core feature, 414
            text declarations and, 70
            XML specification for, 268, 287
      external unparsed, 49-51, 288
            declaring notations, 279
      internal, 267, 287
general entity declarations, 267, 287
      declaring, 279
general entity references
      XML specification for, 268, 282, 288
      (see also entity references)
General Punctuation Unicode block, 449
generate-id() (XSLT), 342
Geometric Shapes Unicode block, 455
getAttribute() (DOM), 373
getAttributeNode() (DOM), 374
getAttributeNodeNS() (DOM), 374
getAttributeNS() (DOM), 373
getElementById() (DOM), 242, 361
getElementsByTagName() (DOM), 242
      Document interface, 362
      Element interface, 375
getElementsByTagNameNS() (DOM), 242
      Document interface, 362
      Element interface, 375
getException() (SAX), 405
getFeature() (SAX), 260
getNamedItem() (DOM), 383
getNamedItemNS() (DOM), 383
getProperty() (SAX), 260
glyph areas (XSL-FO), 208
Goldfarb, Charles, 8, 85
grammar for XML documents, 295
Greek Extended Unicode block, 447-449
Greek Unicode block, 436
&gt; (greater-than) entity reference, 18, 46
      declaring, 279
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 424
      XML specification for, 281

H

hasAttribute() (DOM)
      Document interface, 362
      Element interface, 375
hasAttributeNS() (DOM)
      Document interface, 363
      Element interface, 376
hasAttributes() (DOM), 394
hasChildNodes() (DOM), 394
hasFeature() (DOM), 245, 372
Hebrew Unicode block, 440
height property (CSS), 201
hexadecimal character references, 78
hidden elements (CSS display property), 200
HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR exception (DOM), 368
hover pseudo-class, 199
href attribute (see xlink:href attribute)
href pseudo-attribute, 106, 195
HTML
      example of a standard document, 100
      moving to XHTML from, 99-103
      SGML and, 8
      structure of documents, 87
      vs. XHTML, 99
HTML 4.0 entity sets, 424-432
hypertext module (XHTML DTD), 110

I

IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), 71
IBM and character sets, 75
ID attribute type, 42
      bare name XPointers and, 185
      default for, 276
      in element type declarations, 291
      values must be unique, 275
id() (XPath), 164, 307
      bare name XPointers and, 186
IDL (Interface Definition Language) and DOM, 236, 345-399
IDREF attribute type, 42
      matching IDs in document, 276
      in element type declarations, 291
IDREFS attribute type, 44
      in element type declarations, 291
if element (see xsl:if element)
iframe module (XHTML DTD), 111
IGNORE directive, 53
illegal characters (Unicode), 419
image module (XHTML DTD), 111
implementation attribute (Document interface), 355
#IMPLIED default declaration, 45, 293
import element (see xsl:import element)
importNode() (DOM), 363
inbound links, 180
INCLUDE directive, 53
include element (see xsl:include element)
INDEX_SIZE_ERR exception (DOM), 368
Indian languages, Unicode block for, 443
inline areas (XSL-FO), 208
inline elements (CSS display property), 200
%Inline.extra; parameter entity reference, 115
%Inline.mix; entity reference, 113
inline-table value (display property), 201
input markup languages, 96
InputSource class (SAX), 405
insertBefore() (DOM), 394
insertData() (DOM), 352
Interface Definition Language (IDL) and DOM, 236, 345-399
interfaces, DOM Core, 237
internal DTD subsets, 31
      general entity references and, 80
      parameter entity references and, 52, 270
      XML specification for, 268, 289
internal general entities, 267, 287
internalSubset attribute (DocumentType interface), 366
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Extensions Unicode block, 435
internationalization, 69-82
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), 71
Internet Explorer
      displaying XML in web browsers, 108
      lack of support for XSLT, 131
intrinsic events module (XHTML DTD), 111
INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR exception (DOM), 369
INVALID_ACCESS_ERR exception (DOM), 370
INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR exception (DOM), 368
INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR exception (DOM), 369
INVALID_STATE_ERR exception (DOM), 369
IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) Extensions Unicode block, 435
ISO character sets, 74
ISO-10646-UCS-2 encoding, 71, 72, 417
ISO-10646-UCS-4 encoding, 71, 418
ISO-2022-JP encoding, 71, 418
ISO-3166 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Countries), 82
ISO-639 (Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages), 81
ISO-8859 character sets, 422
ISO-8859-1 encoding, 71, 74, 418
      vs. Cp1252 Windows character set, 422
ISO-8859-10 encoding, 75, 418
ISO-8859-11 encoding, 75, 418
ISO-8859-12 encoding, 418
ISO-8859-13 encoding, 75, 418
ISO-8859-14 encoding, 75, 418
ISO-8859-15 encoding, 75, 418
ISO-8859-2 encoding, 71, 74, 418
ISO-8859-3 encoding, 71, 74, 418
ISO-8859-4 encoding, 71, 74, 418
ISO-8859-5 encoding, 71, 74, 418
ISO-8859-6 encoding, 71, 75, 418
ISO-8859-7 encoding, 71, 75, 418
ISO-8859-8 encoding, 71, 75, 418
ISO-8859-9 encoding, 71, 75, 418
isSupported() (DOM), 395
item() (DOM), 383, 397

J

Japanese characters
      national standard character sets for, 418
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 73, 417
Java
      examples/bindings for DOM Core objects, 346-399
      language-specific bindings for, 236, 345
      XML parsers and, 232
Java Development Kit character set conversion tool, 77

K

Kay, Michael, 132
key element (see xsl:key element)
key() (XSLT), 343
Korean characters
      national standard character set for, 75
      UTF-8/UTF-16 encodings, 73, 417

L

label attribute (see xlink:label attribute)
lang pseudo-class, 199
lang() (XPath), 308
language attribute, 81
language codes, 81
last() (XPath), 164, 308
lastChild attribute (Node interface), 388
Latin Extended Additional Unicode block, 446
Latin Extended-A Unicode block, 432
Latin Extended-B Unicode block, 434
Latin-0 encoding, 75, 418
Latin-1 characters entity set, 80, 424-428
Latin-1 encoding, 74, 418, 422
Latin-2 encoding, 74, 418
Latin-3 encoding, 74, 418
Latin-4 encoding, 74, 418
Latin-5 encoding, 75, 418
Latin-6 encoding, 75, 418
Latin-7 encoding, 75, 418
Latin-8 encoding, 75, 418
Latin-9 encoding, 75, 418
layout-master-set element (see fo:layout-master-set element)
left property (CSS), 201
legacy encodings, 71
legacy module (XHTML DTD), 112
length attribute
      CharacterData interface, 350
      NamedNodeMap interface, 382
      NodeList interface, 397
length, units of, 201
Letter-like Symbols Unicode block, 450
LexicalHandler interface (SAX), 415
line areas (XSL-FO), 208
line-height property (CSS), 201
link module (XHTML DTD), 111
link pseudo-class, 198
linkbases, 180
links, 233
      behavior of, 170-173
      extended (see extended links)
      following, 172
      inbound/outbound, 180
      semantics of, 173
      simple, 169
      third-party, 180
      XPointers in, 184
list elements (CSS display property), 200
list module (XHTML DTD), 110
list-block element (see fo:list-block element)
list-item value (display property), 200
list-style-image value (display property), 200
list-style-position value (display property), 200
list-style-type value (display property), 200
literal data characters, 134
literal default declaration, 46
little-endian UCS-2, 72
local parts, 61
local resources (extended links), 174, 179
localName attribute (Node interface), 388
local-name() (XPath), 165, 308
location paths, 150-156, 301
      axes, 158, 301-304
      building compound, 155, 302
      node tests, 158, 301, 304
      unabbreviated, 158-160
      using predicates in, 157, 301, 305
location steps
      attribute, 152, 302
      child element, 151, 302
      combining, 155
      comment(), 153
      components of, 158
      processing-instruction(), 153
      text(), 153
locator elements, 174
Locator interface (SAX), 403
LocatorImpl class (SAX), 409
Lorie, Ray, 8, 85
&lt; (less-than) entity reference, 18, 46
      declaring, 279
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 424
      XML specification for, 281

M

MacRoman character set, 76
Mac-specific character sets, 76
margin-bottom property (CSS), 201
margin-left property (CSS), 201
margin-right property (CSS), 201
margin-top property (CSS), 201
markup
      describing a document's structure, 95
      input vs. output languages, 96
      tags and, 12
master pages for XSL-FO, 210-216
master-name attribute (XSL-FO), 210
Mathematical Markup Language (see MathML)
Mathematical Operators Unicode block, 452
MathML, xii, 81
media pseudo-attribute, 106, 196
Megginson, David, 10, 400
message element (see xsl:message element)
metainformation module (XHTML DTD), 111
Microsoft and character sets, 75
Microsoft DTD repository (biztalk.org), 56
Miscellaneous Symbols Unicode block, 456
Miscellaneous Technical Unicode block, 453
%Misc.extra; parameter entity reference, 115
mixed content
      element type, 37, 267, 290
      in elements, 14
mod (XPath arithmetic operator), 161
mode attributes for XSLT elements, 142-143
Modular XHTML (see XHTML 1.1)
Modularization of XHTML (W3C specification), 113
modules, XHTML, 110-112
monetary symbols, Unicode block for, 450
Mosher, Ed, 8, 85
Mozilla, displaying XML in, 108
MSXML
      stylesheet processors and, 132
      XML parsers and, 232
Muellner, Leonard, 91
multilingual documents, 81
Murray-Rust, Peter, 10

N

name attribute
      Attr interface, 347
      DocumentType interface, 366
name characters (Unicode), 419
name identification module (XHTML DTD), 112
name start characters (Unicode), 419
name tokens, XML, 41
name() (XPath), 165, 309
NamedNodeMap interface (DOM), 382-386
      attribute for, 382
      methods for, 383-386
names, element (see element names)
names, XML, 17
      specification for, 268, 280
      vs.name tokens, 41
namespace axis, 159, 304
namespace nodes
      default template for, 141
      location paths and, 153
      node set functions for, 165
      XPath data model and, 300
namespace URIs, 64
      returned by SAX parsers, 414
      XSLT processors and, 131
namespace-alias element (see xsl:namespace-alias element)
NAMESPACE_ERR exception (DOM), 370
namespaces, xii, 58-68
      DTDs and, 67
      how parsers handle, 66
      reasons for using, 58-61
      setting default, 65
      syntax of, 61-66
      XSLT and, 144-146, 315
NamespaceSupport class (SAX), 409
namespaceURI attribute (Node interface), 389
namespace-uri() (XPath), 165, 309
name-value pairs, 15-17
narrative-oriented DTDs, 55
narrative-oriented XML documents
      DocBook, 91-94
      structure of, 86-88
      TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 88-91
national standard character sets, 75
native2ascii conversion tool (JDK), 77
NDATA declaration, 49
Netscape, displaying XML in, 108
nextSibling attribute (Node interface), 389
NMTOKEN attribute type, 41, 292
      values must be legal name tokens, 277
NMTOKENS attribute type, 41, 292
      values must be legal name tokens, 277
NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR exception (DOM), 369
Node interface (DOM), 238, 345, 386-396
      attributes for, 386-392
      methods for, 393-396
node set functions (XPath), 164
node sets in XPath, 301
node tests
      in location paths, 158, 301, 304
      XPointers and, 187
node types (DOM Core), 240-245
node() node test, 304
node() XPath wildcard, 154
NodeList interface (DOM), 397
      attribute for, 397
      method for, 397
nodeName attribute (Node interface), 389
nodes in XML documents
      DOM and, 238-245
      XPath and, 147-167
      XSLT and, 138-141
nodeType attribute
      DOM (Document Object Model), 238
      Node interface, 390
nodeValue attribute (Node interface), 390
NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR exception (DOM), 369
none value (display property), 200
normalize() (DOM)
      Element interface, 376
      Node interface, 395
normalize-space() (XPath), 166, 309
not() (XPath), 167, 309
NOTATION attribute type, 45, 269, 292
      not available for empty elements, 277
      only one per element type, 277
notation attributes, 277
<!NOTATION> declaration, 49-51
NOTATION declaration, 49-51
notation declarations, 269, 293
      as a programming model, 234
      names must be unique, 279
      unparsed entities and, 279
Notation interface (DOM), 241
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy for, 346
notation syntax, XML, 234
notationName attribute (Entity interface), 381
NOTATION_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 364
      nodeType attribute and, 390
notations attribute (DocumentType interface), 367
NOT_FOUND_ERR exception (DOM), 369
NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR exception (DOM), 369
number element (see xsl:number element)
number() (XPath), 167, 310
numbers in XPath, 161, 300
numeric functions (XPath), 167

O

Oasis DTD repository (xml.org), 56
object hierarchy (DOM), 237, 346
object module (XHTML DTD), 111
object reference (DOM Level 2 Core), 346-399
object serialization and XML, 226
object-driven models, 230
OCR-A characters, Unicode block for, 455
online validators, 32
Optical Character Recognition Unicode block, 455
org.xml.sax package, 251, 400-407
      ContentHandler interface and, 252-259
org.xml.sax.ext package, 415
org.xml.sax.helpers package, 407-413
otherwise element (see xsl:otherwise element)
outbound links, 180
output element (see xsl:output element)
output formats, 96
ownerDocument attribute (Node interface), 391
ownerElement attribute (Attr interface), 347

P

page-sequence element (see fo:page-sequence element)
param element (see xsl:param element)
param module (XHTML DTD), 111
parameter entities, XML specification for, 285-287
parameter entity declarations, 268, 286
      declaring, 279
parameter entity references, 51-53
      changing prefixes using, 67
      connecting XHTML modules, 110-112
      external DTD subsets and, 52
      in DTD only, 273
      including declarations in, 270
      internal subsets and, 270
      location in DTD is important, 287
      mixing applications into XHTML, 115
      mixing XHTML into applications, 112-115
      proper nesting with
            conditional sections, 278
            markup declarations, 273
            parenthesized groups, 275
      redefining, 52
      syntax of, 51
      XLink elements and, 181
      XML specification for, 268, 282, 286
      (see also entity references)
parent axis, 158, 303
parent elements, 13
      selecting with . . (double period), 156, 302
parentheses in element declarations, 36
parentNode attribute (Node interface), 391
parse(), 251, 405
parsed character data, 18
parsed general entities, 48
      attribute values and, 271
      no recursion allowed, 272
      SAX core feature, 414
      text declarations and, 70
      XML specification for, 268, 287
ParserAdapter class (SAX), 410
parsers, validating, 7, 238
      (see also XML, parsers)
#PCDATA keyword, 29, 34
      in narrative-oriented documents, 87
PDF format for XSL-FO documents, 221
Perl and XML parsers, 231
pictographic symbols, Unicode block for, 456
Pinard, FranÁois, 77
pixels (relative unit of length), 202
platform-dependent character sets, 75
points in XPointers, 186-188
position() (XPath), 163, 310
preceding axis, 159, 303
preceding-sibling axis, 159, 303
predefined character references, 269, 281
predicates
      in location paths, 157, 301, 305
      optional part of location steps, 158
prefix attribute (Node interface), 392
prefixes
      binding to URIs, 62-64
      default namespaces and, 65
      element names and, 61
      using parameter entity references to change, 67
preorder traversal, 135
presentation module (XHTML DTD), 110
preserve-space element (see xsl:preserve-space element)
previousSibling attribute (Node interface), 392
processing instruction nodes
      default template for, 141
      XPath data model and, 300
processing instructions, 20
      DOM/SAX and, 233
      notations for targets of, 50
      robots, 128
      vs. XPointers, 188
      web browser problems with, 104
      XML specification for, 268, 283
processing-instruction element (see xsl:processing-instruction element)
ProcessingInstruction interface (DOM), 240, 398
      attributes for, 398
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 391
      object hierarchy, 346
processing-instruction()
      location step, 153
      node test, 304
PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE (DOM node type), 239
      importNode() and, 364
      nodeType attribute and, 390
programming models used with XML, 230-235
prolog (XML document), 30, 265
properties
      of Cascading Stylesheets, 200-205
      controlling parser behavior for SAX, 259, 413
      of XSL-FO, 216-220
proprietary character sets, 75
pseudo-attributes for xml-stylesheet processing instructions, 106-108, 195
pseudo-class selectors, 198
pseudo-element selectors, 199
PUBLIC keyword (document type declaration), 30
publicId attribute
      DocumentType interface, 367
      Entity interface, 381
punctuation characters, Unicode block for, 449
pyexpat interface, 231
Python and XML parsers, 231

Q

QNames/qualified names, 61
      defining, 68
quantum mechanics symbols, Unicode block for, 453
Query Language, XML, 10
&quot; (straight double quotes) entity reference, 18, 46
      declaring, 279
      HTML 4.0 entity sets and, 424
      XML specification for, 281

R

Ragget, Dave, 103
range(), 189
range-inside(), 189
ranges in XPointers, 189
range-to(), 189
raw names, 61
      defining, 68
RDF (Resource Description Framework), xiii, 125
      Dublin Core and, 127
      future vision for, 228
recode (conversion tool), 77
region-after child element (see fo:region-after child element)
region-before child element (see fo:region-before child element)
region-body child element (see fo:region-body child element)
region-end child element (see fo:region-end child element)
region-start child element (see fo:region-start child element)
relational operators in XPath, 157, 162
relative location paths, 301
      building compound location paths, 156
relative units of length (CSS properties), 202
remote resources (extended links), 174
      third-party links and, 180
removeAttribute() (DOM), 376
removeAttributeNode() (DOM), 377
removeAttributeNS() (DOM), 377
removeChild() (DOM), 395
removeNamedItem() (DOM), 384
removeNamedItemNS() (DOM), 384
RenderX formatting program (XEP), 216
replaceChild() (DOM), 396
replaceData() (DOM), 352
repository of DTDs, 57
#REQUIRED default declaration, 45, 293
      value must be assigned to attributes, 278
Resource Description Framework (see RDF)
resource elements, 179
resources and RDF documents, 125
robots processing instruction, 128
role attribute (see xlink:role attribute)
role attributes for arcs, 178
root element, 13, 265
      determining name of, 273
      in narrative-oriented documents, 86
      of TEI documents, 90
      vs. root node, 150
      (see also fo:root element)
root interface (DOM Core), 238
root location path, 150, 302
root node
      default template for, 141
      vs. root element, 150
      XPath data model and, 299
round() (XPath), 163, 167, 310
Ruby Annotation (W3C specification), 113
ruby module (XHTML DTD), 112
Russian language, Unicode block for, 437-439

S

Sanskrit language, Unicode block for, 443
SAX (Simple API for XML), xii, 229, 250-261
      Attributes interface, 400
      AttributesImpl class, 407
      ContentHandler interface, 252-259, 401
      controlling parser behavior with URIs, 259, 413
      DeclHandler interface, 415
      DefaultHandler class, 258, 408
      DTDHandler interface, 402
      EntityResolver interface, 402
      ErrorHandler interface, 403
      features of, 259, 413
      InputSource class, 405
      LexicalHandler interface, 415
      Locator interface, 403
      LocatorImpl class, 409
      methods called by parser in ContentHandler, 253-256
      NamespaceSupport class, 409
      nondeterministic code details, 256
      non-standard extensions for, 232
      org.xml.sax package, 251, 400-407
      org.xml.sax.ext package, 415
      org.xml.sax.helpers package, 407-413
      ParserAdapter class, 410
      parsing a document with, 251
      processing instructions and, 233
      properties of, 259, 414
      reference, 400-416
      SAX1 vs. SAX2, 250, 400
      SAXException class, 251, 405
      SAXNotRecognizedException class, 260, 406, 415
      SAXNotSupportedException class, 260, 407, 415
      SAXParseException class, 406
      vs. DOM, 230, 259
      XMLFilter interface, 404
      XMLFilterImpl class, 411
      XMLReader interface, 251, 404
      XMLReaderAdapter class, 412
      XMLReaderFactory class, 251, 413
SAXException class, 251, 405
SAXNotRecognizedException class, 260, 406, 415
SAXNotSupportedException class, 260, 407, 415
SAXON (XSLT processor), 132
SAXParseException class (SAX), 406
sax.SAXCount class, 24, 32
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), xii
schema.net (DTD repository), 56
Schemas, XML, 10, 228
      datatyping with, 40
scripting module (XHTML DTD), 111
search methods on the web, 124-128
selectors for Cascading Stylesheets, 197-200
self axis, 158, 304
sequences in element declarations, 34
server-side image map module (XHTML DTD), 111
setAttribute() (DOM), 347, 378
setAttributeNode() (DOM), 347, 379
setAttributeNodeNS() (DOM), 380
setAttributeNS() (DOM), 378
setContentHandler() (SAX), 401
setDocumentLocator() (SAX), 253
setDTDHandler() (SAX), 402
setEntityResolver() (SAX), 402
setErrorHandler() (SAX), 403
setFeature() (SAX), 260
setLocator() (SAX), 403
setNamedItem() (DOM), 385
setNamedItemNS() (DOM), 386
setProperty() (SAX), 261, 415
SGML and XML, 8, 85
Shift_JIS encoding, 71, 419
show attribute (see xlink:show attribute)
sibling elements, 13
Signatures, XML, 10
Simple API for XML (see SAX)
simple attribute types, 267, 291
simple links, 169
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), 226
simple-page-master element (see fo:simple-page-master element)
Slavic languages, Unicode block for, 437-439
sort element (see xsl:sort element)
source code samples and CDATA sections, 19
Spacing Modifier Letters Unicode block, 436
special attributes, 267, 293
special characters entity set, 80, 424, 428
specified attribute (Attr interface), 348
Sperberg-McQueen, C.M., 9
splitText() (DOM), 399
standalone declaration, 23
      external DTD subsets and, 31
      setting value to "no", 273
      XML specification for, 268, 285
start tags, 12
      attributes and, 15
      XML specification for, 268, 294
startDocument() (SAX), 253, 256
startElement() (SAX), 253-255, 401
starting resources, 169
start-point(), 188
startPrefixMapping() (SAX), 253
starts-with() (XPath), 163, 166, 311
strict DTD (XHTML), 104
string functions (XPath), 165
string() (XPath), 165, 311
string-length() (XPath), 166, 312
string-range(), 190
strings
      in XPath, 161, 301
      internalized (SAX feature), 414
strip-space element (see xsl:strip-space element)
structural nodes (DOM Core), 240
structure module (XHTML DTD), 110
style attribute module (XHTML DTD), 111
style rules, 195
stylesheet element (see xsl:stylesheet element)
stylesheet module (XHTML DTD), 111
stylesheets
      displaying XML in web browsers, 105-110
      document permanence and, 96
      (see also Cascading Stylesheets)
subcodes (languages), 82
substring() (XPath), 166, 312
substring-after() (XPath), 166, 312
substring-before() (XPath), 166, 313
substringData() (DOM), 353
suffixes in element declarations, 35
sum() (XPath), 167, 313
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics), xii
symbols entity set, 80, 424, 429-432
syntax structures of XML documents, 279-285
SYNTAX_ERR exception (DOM), 369
SYSTEM keyword (document type declaration), 30
systemId attribute
      DocumentType interface, 367
      Entity interface, 381
system-property() (XSLT), 343

T

table element (see fo:table element)
table elements (CSS display property), 201
table value (display property), 201
table-and-caption element (see fo:table-and-caption element)
table-caption value (display property), 201
table-cell value (display property), 201
table-column value (display property), 201
table-column-group value (display property), 201
table-footer-group value (display property), 201
table-header-group value (display property), 201
table-row value (display property), 201
table-row-group value (display property), 201
tables module (XHTML DTD), 111
tag sets, 4
tagName attribute (Element interface), 373
tags
      empty element, 268, 295
      matching, 270
      overlapping not allowed, 13
      start/end, 12, 268, 294
      syntax of, 12
target attribute (CharacterData interface), 398
target module (XHTML DTD), 111
Tauber, James, 56
TEI (Text Encoding Initiative), 88-91
template element (see xsl:template element)
template rules, built-in (see built-in template rules)
templates
      adding to XSLT stylesheets, 133
      xsl:apply-templates and, 135-138
text declarations
      external entities and, 48
      vs. XML declarations, 70
text element (see xsl:text element)
Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), 88-91
Text interface (DOM), 245, 399
      method for, 399
      nodeName attribute and, 389
      nodeValue attribute and, 390
      object hierarchy, 346
text module (XHTML DTD), 110
text nodes
      default template for, 139-140
      XPath data model and, 300
text properties
      Cascading Stylesheets, 203
      XSL-FO, 208
text()
      location step, 153
      node test, 304
text-align property (CSS), 204
text-decoration property (CSS), 204
text-indent property (CSS), 203
TEXT_NODE (DOM node type), 238
      importNode() and, 364
      nodeType attribute and, 390
text-transform property (CSS), 204
Thai characters
      ISO-8859-11 encoding, 75, 418
      Unicode block for, 444
third-party links, 180
Tibetan Unicode block, 444
Tidy (open source tool), 103
title attribute (see xlink:title attribute)
title attributes for arcs, 178
title elements (extended links), 179
title pseudo-attribute, 107, 196
to attribute (see xlink:to attribute)
Tobin, Richard, 32
top property (CSS), 201
transform element (see xsl:transform element)
transformation languages, 96
transformations, XSL (see XSLT)
transitional DTD (XHTML), 104
translate() (XPath), 313
traversal
      Node interface and, 240
      xsl:apply-templates and, 135
true() (XPath), 167, 314
Turing, Alan, 11-17, 27-31, 38, 54, 129-146, 148, 151, 157, 165
      JPEG image of, 49, 171
type attribute (see xlink:type attribute)
type pseudo-attribute, 106, 195

U

UCS-2 encoding, 72
UCS-4 encoding, 78
unabbreviated location paths, 158-160
unassigned code points (Unicode), 419
Unicode blocks, 432-458
      Arabic, 441
      Armenian, 439
      Arrows, 451
      Currency Symbols, 450
      Cyrillic, 437-439
      Devanagari, 443
      Dingbat, 456
      General Punctuation, 449
      Geometric Shapes, 455
      Greek Extended, 447-449
      Greek/Coptic, 436
      Hebrew, 440
      IPA Extensions, 435
      Latin Extended Additional, 446
      Latin Extended-A, 432
      Latin Extended-B, 434
      Letter-like Symbols, 450
      Mathematical Operators, 452-453
      Miscellaneous Symbols, 456
      Miscellaneous Technical, 453
      Optical Character Recognition, 455
      Spacing Modifier Letters, 436
      Thai, 444
      Tibetan, 444
Unicode characters, 69-81
      character references and, 281
      character set names, 417-419
      character tables for, 419-424
Uniform Resource Identifiers (see URIs)
Uniform Resource Names (URNs), 30
units of length (CSS), 201
unparsed general entities, 49-51
      declaring notations, 279
      not allowed in entity references, 272
      XML specification for, 268, 288
unparsed-entity-uri() (XSLT), 344
URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers), 30
      assigning elements to, 61
      binding prefixes to, 62-64
      controlling parser behavior for SAX, 259, 413
      conventions for using, 62
URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) and XPointers, 182
URNs (Uniform Resource Names), 30
UTF-16 encoding, 71, 73, 285, 417
UTF-8 encoding, 71, 73, 285, 417

V

validating parsers, 7, 238
      (see also XML, parsers)
validity constraints, 273-279
validity errors, 7, 26, 32
value attribute (Attr interface), 348
value-of element (see xsl:value-of element)
variable element (see xsl:variable element)
vendor property (see xsl:vendor property)
vendor-url property (see xsl:vendor-url property)
version information attribute, 22
      XML specification for, 268, 284
version property (see xsl:version property)
VIetnamese language, Unicode block most useful for, 446
visited pseudo-class, 198

W

W3C
      recommended form of XHTML, 104
      standard DTDs and, 57
      standards endorsed by, xii
      styling XML documents, 9
      templates for
            defining the namespace URI and prefix names, 116
            importing standard modules, 122
            naming attributes and elements, 120
Walsh, Norman, 91
web browsers
      CSS stylesheets in, 195, 221
      displaying XML in, 105-110
      document validation and, 32
      link behavior in, 170
      linkbases and, 180
      support for XHTML, 104
      XLinks support, 168
      XPointers and, 183
web search methods, 124-128
well-formedness, 4, 11
      changing HTML to XHTML, 99
      checking documents for, 23-25
      constraints recognized by XML 1.0 parsers, 266-273
      errors, 7, 23-25, 26
      SAXParseException and, 406
      XSLT stylesheets and, 134
when element (see xsl:when element)
whitespace
      in element contents, 12
      in XML names, 17
      stripping, 333
      XML parsers and, 234
      XML specification for, 268, 279
white-space property (CSS), 204
width property (CSS), 201
wildcards and location paths, 154
Windows ANSI character set, 76
with-param element (see xsl:with-param element)
World Wide Web Consortium (see W3C)
WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR exception (DOM), 368

X

Xalan (Apache XML Project XSLT processor), 132
XEP (RenderX formatting program), 216
#xFEFF Unicode character, 73
XFragment, 10
XHTML, 10, 98-105
      creating a valid document, 100
      DTDs for, 104
      example of a valid document, 102
      moving from HTML to, 99-103
      vs. HTML, 99
      web browser support for, 104
XHTML 1.1, 98, 110-124
      creating your own XHTML, 116-124
      list of modules, 110-112
      mixing applications into, 115
      mixing modules into applications, 112-115
      Module-based XHTML (W3C specification), 113
%xhtml11-ruby.module; parameter entity, 112
%xhtml-applet.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-base.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-basic-form.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-basic-table.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-bdo.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-csismap.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-edit.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-events.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-form.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-frames.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-hypertext.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-iframe.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-image.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-inlstyle.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-legacy.module; parameter entity, 112
%xhtml-link.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-list.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-meta.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-nameident.module; parameter entity, 112
%xhtml-object.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-param.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-pres.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-script.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-ssismap.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-struct.module; parameter entity, 110
%xhtml-style.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-table.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-target.module; parameter entity, 111
%xhtml-text.module; parameter entity, 110
xlink:actuate attribute, 172
xlink:arcrole attribute, 178
xlink:from attribute, 175-180
xlink:href attribute, 169
      locator elements and, 174
xlink:label attribute, 174
      local resources and, 179
xlink:role attribute, 173
      local resources and, 179
      locator elements and, 175
XLinks, xii, 168-181, 233
      DTDs for, 181
      extended links, 173-180
      link behavior, 170-173
      simple links, 169
      third-party links, 180
      XPointers and, 184
xlink:show attribute, 171
xlink:title attribute, 173
      arc elements and, 178
      local resources and, 179
      locator elements and, 175
xlink:to attribute, 175-180
xlink:type attribute, 169
      arc elements and, 175-179
      extended links and, 174
      local resources and, 179
      locator elements and, 174
      values of, 170
XLL (Extensible Linking Language), 9
XML
      applications, 4
      comments, 20
      communications protocols and, 226
      data format, 6, 225-229
      data storage/retrieval and, 227
      describing data, 227-229
      displaying in web browsers, 105-110
      documents, 11
            associating stylesheets with, 195
            counting elements/attributes, 256-259
            default character set for, 77
            grammar for, 295
            narrative-oriented, 86-88
            nodes in, 138-141
            parsing with DOM, 238
            permanence of, 94-96
            syntax structures, 279-285
            transforming and presenting, 96
            tree structure of, 147-150
            validating, 4, 26-33
      enterprise applications and, 226
      evolution of, 8-10
      files, 11
      filters, implementing, 411
      how it works, 6-8
      name tokens, 41
      names, 17, 41, 268, 280
      namespaces (see namespaces)
      notation syntax, 234
      object serialization and, 226
      parsers, 7
            checking documents for well-formedness, 23-25
            checking the character set, 77
            comparing namespace URIs, 65
            handling namespaces, 66
            programming language support for, 231
            XMLReader interface and, 404
      processing instructions (see processing instructions)
      programmers, support for, 229
      programming models used with, 230-235
      SGML and, 8
      stylesheets, 105-110
      trees, 13
XML declaration, 21-23
      web browser problems with, 104
      XML specification for, 268, 284
XML Query Language, 10
XML Schemas, 10, 228
      datatyping with, 40
XML Signatures, 10
XML Validation Form (Brown University), 32
XML-defined character sets, 71
XMLFilter interface (SAX), 404
XMLFilterImpl class (SAX), 411
xml:lang attribute, 81-82
xmlns attributes
      SAX core feature, 414
      setting default namespaces with, 65
      in XPath data model, 150
xml.org (DTD repository), 56
XMLReader interface (SAX), 251, 404
      ContentHandler interface and, 252
      counting elements/attributes in a document, 258
      validating parsers, 259
XMLReaderAdapter class (SAX), 412
XMLReaderFactory class (SAX), 251, 413
xml-stylesheet processing instructions, 21
      associating stylesheets with XML documents, 195
      pseudo-attributes used in, 106-108
      XSLT stylesheets and, 133
XPath, xii, 147-167
      arithmetic operators in, 161
      Boolean expressions, 162, 300
      Boolean functions, 167
      comparison operators, 162
      data model, 150, 299
      expressions, 160-163, 300
            XSLT elements and, 135-137
      functions, 163-167, 305-314
      location paths, 150-156, 301
            axes, 158, 301-304
            node tests, 158, 301, 304
      node set functions, 164
      node sets in, 301
      numbers in, 161, 300
      numeric functions, 167
      predicates in location paths, 157, 301, 305
      reference, 299-314
      relational operators, 157, 162
      string functions, 165
      strings in, 161, 301
      unabbreviated location paths, 158-160
xpointer(), 183
XPointers, xii, 182-190
      bare names, 185
      in links, 184
      points in, 186-188
      ranges in, 189
      on URLs, 182
      vs. processing instructions, 188
XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), 9
xsl:apply-imports element, 317
xsl:apply-templates element, 135-138, 318
xsl:attribute element, 318
xsl:attribute-set element, 319
xsl:call-template element, 320
xsl:choose element, 320
xsl:comment element, 320
xsl:copy element, 321
xsl:copy-of element, 321
xsl:decimal-format element, 322, 341
xsl:element element, 323
xsl:fallback element, 324
XSL-FO (XSL Formatting Objects), 4, 191, 206-222
      documents
            boxes in, 208
            generating, 213-216
            structure of, 209
      master pages, 210-216
      properties, 216-220
      vs. CSS, 221
xsl:for-each element, 324
xsl:if element, 325
xsl:import element, 325
xsl:include element, 326
xsl:key element, 326
xsl:message element, 327
xsl:namespace-alias element, 327
xsl:number element, 165, 328
xsl:otherwise element, 329
xsl:output element, 330
xsl:param element, 331
xsl:preserve-space element, 332
xsl:processing-instruction element, 332
xsl:sort element, 333
xsl:strip-space element, 333
xsl:stylesheet element, 130-132, 334
XSLT, xii, 9, 129-146
      functions, 339-344
      Internet Explorer and, 108
      Mozilla and, 109
      Netscape and, 109
      processors, 129, 132
            problems with incorrect namespace URIs, 131
      transforming XML documents, 96
      using DOM or SAX with, 232
XSLT stylesheets, 129
      adding templates to, 133
      attribute value templates, 144
      built-in template rules and, 138-141
      elements, categories of, 315-317
      flowing content into pages, 213
      modes and, 142-143
      namespaces and, 144-146, 315
      transforming documents into XSL-FO documents, 213-216, 218-220
      XSL-FO and, 206
      xsl:stylesheet element and, 130-132, 334
xsl:template element, 133, 335
xsl:text element, 336
xsl:transform element, 130-132, 336
xsl:value-of element, 134, 337
      string() and, 165
xsl:variable element, 337
xsl:vendor property, 343
xsl:vendor-url property, 343
xsl:version property, 343
xsl:when element, 338
xsl:with-param element, 339

Y

Yiddish language, Unicode block for, 440

Z

Zapf Dingbats font, Unicode block for, 456
[ Cafe con Leche | XML in a Nutshell Home Page | Examples | Corrections | Index | Order ]
Copyright 2001 Elliotte Rusty Harold
elharo@metalab.unc.edu
Last Modified January 21, 2001