Basic syntax
Location paths and location steps
Axes: parent, child, ancestor, ancestor-or-self, self, descendant, descendant-or-self, following, following-sibling, preceding, preceding-sibling, attribute, namespace
However, support for the ancestor, ancestor-or-self, following, following-sibling, preceding, and preceding-sibling axes are optional in XQuery. XQuery implementations cannot use the namespace axis.
Node tests
Predicates
Abbreviated syntax: *, @*, //, etc.
Operators: +, -, div, mod, *, etc.
All functions, but they are now more strongly typed and don't always behave exactly the same
Basic expression syntax, though this has been greatly expanded
Most XPath 1.0 expressions are still legal XPath 2.0 expressions, that mean pretty much the same thing.