Internationalized Resource Identifiers
Not limited to ASCII
For example,
http://www.example.fr/présidence
http://www.example.he/λεξικό
Percent escapes are not decoded when comparing. These are all different:
http://www.example.fr/présidence
http://www.example.fr/pr%a9sidence
http://www.example.fr/pr%A9sidence
XML escapes are decoded. These are the same:
xmlns:λεξ="http://www.example.he/λεξικό"
xmlns:λεξ="http://www.example.he/λεξικό"
xmlns:λεξ="http://www.example.he/λεξικό"