Table of Contents
XML Basics
What is XML?
XML is a Meta Markup Language
XML describes structure and semantics, not formatting
A Song Description in HTML
A Song Description in XML
Style Sheets provide formatting
Attaching style sheets to documents
What is XML used for?
Domain-Specific Markup Languages
Self-Describing Data
<PERSON ID="p1100" SEX="M">
Interchange of Data Among Applications
Structured and Integrated Data
XML Applications
Example XML Applications
Mathematical Markup Language
Channel Definition Format
Classic Literature
Vector Graphics
The Resource Description Framework (RDF)
An Example of RDF
XML for XML
XSL: The Extensible Stylesheet Language
DCD: The Document Content Description Schema Language
XLL: The Extensible Linking Language
File Formats, In-house applications, and other behind the scenes uses
Hello XML
The XML Declaration
The FOO element
greeting.xml
Style sheets
xml-stylesheet
greeting.css
A larger example: Baseball statistics
Sample statistics
Organizing the Data
What is the Root Element
The Root Element
What are the Immediate Children of The root?
Child Elements
White space in XML is not especially significant
Leagues
Divisions
Teams
Player Data
Player Batting Statistics
What does a player look like
The Complete 1998 Major League
A Style Sheet
Cascading Style Sheets
The Default Rule
A style rule for the YEAR element
Style Rules for Division and League Names
Alternate Style Rules for Division and League Names
Style Rules for Teams
Style Rules for Players
Finished Style Sheet
Possible Extensions
Possible Solutions
Well-formedness Rules
Open and close all tags
Empty tags end with />
There is a unique root element
Elements may not overlap
Attribute values are quoted
< and & are only used to start tags and entities
Only the five predefined entity references are used
DTDs and Validity
What is a DTD?
The importance of validation
A DTD for greeting.xml
Document Type Declarations
Invalid Documents
Validating Tools
Element Declarations
Content Specifications
ANY
#PCDATA
#PCDATA
Child Elements
Sequences
One or More Children +
Zero or More Children *
Zero or One Children ?
Finished DTD
Choices
Grouping With Parentheses
Mixed Content
Empty elements
Internal DTDs
Internal DTD Subsets
Programming with XML
SAX, the Simple API for XML
The Document Object Model (DOM)
To Learn More: Books
Questions?
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