Table of Contents
Intro to XML
What is XML?
XML is a Meta Markup Language
XML describes structure and semantics, not formatting
A Song Description in HTML
A Song Description in XML
Style Sheets provide formatting
Attaching style sheets to documents
Templates for Other Elements
Style Sheets can be quite complex
What is XML used for?
Domain-Specific Markup Languages
Self-Describing Data
<PERSON ID="p1100" SEX="M">
Interchange of Data Among Applications
Structured and Integrated Data
XML Applications
Example XML Applications
Mathematical Markup Language
Channel Definition Format
Classic Literature
Vector Graphics
The Resource Description Framework (RDF)
An Example of RDF
XML for XML
XSL: The Extensible Stylesheet Language
DCD: The Document Content Description Schema Language
XLL: The Extensible Linking Language
File Formats, in-house applications, and other behind the scenes uses
Hello XML
The XML Declaration
The FOO element
greeting.xml
Style sheets
xml-stylesheet
greeting.css
greeting.xsl
Attaching a style sheet to an XML document
A larger example: Baseball statistics
Sample statistics
Organizing the Data
What is the Root Element
The Root Element
What are the Immediate Children of The root?
Child Elements
White space in XML is not especially significant
Leagues
Divisions
Teams
Player Data
Player Batting Statistics
What does a player look like
The Complete 1998 Major League
A Style Sheet
Cascading Style Sheets
The Default Rule
A style rule for the YEAR element
Style Rules for Division and League Names
Alternate Style Rules for Division and League Names
Style Rules for Teams
Style Rules for Players
Finished Style Sheet
Possible Extensions
Possible Solutions
Attributes
Attributes in the Baseball Example
Leagues are still child elements
Team Attributes
Team Attributes
Player Attributes
Attributes and Elements
Attributes vs. Elements
When not to use attributes
Empty Tags
The Extensible Style Language
The Two Parts of XSL
Templates
XSL Instructions
An XSL style sheet
xsl:for-each and xsl:value-of
xsl:for-each and xsl:value-of
Namespaces and XSL
Leagues
Divisions and Teams
Players
CSS or XSL?
Well-formedness Rules
Open and close all tags
Empty tags end with />
There is a unique root element
Elements may not overlap
Attribute values are quoted
< and & are only used to start tags and entities
Only the five predefined entity references are used
DTDs and Validity
What is a DTD?
The importance of validation
A DTD for greeting.xml
Document Type Declarations
Invalid Documents
Validating Tools
Element Declarations
Content Specifications
ANY
#PCDATA
#PCDATA
Child Elements
Sequences
One or More Children +
Zero or More Children *
Zero or One Children ?
Finished DTD
Choices
Grouping With Parentheses
Mixed Content
Empty elements
Attribute Declarations
Multiple Attribute Declarations
Attribute Types
CDATA
ID
IDREF
IDREFS
ENTITY
ENTITIES
NOTATION
NMTOKEN
NMTOKENS
Enumerated
Attribute Default Values
#REQUIRED
#IMPLIED
#FIXED
Internal DTDs
Internal DTD Subsets
Programming with XML
SAX, the Simple API for XML
The Document Object Model (DOM)
Additional Technologies
Namespaces
XLinks
XPointers
The Resource Description Framework
To Learn More: Books
Questions?
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