XSL Transformations
XSL Transformations
Elliotte Rusty Harold
Software Development 2001 West April 10, 2001
elharo@metalab.unc.edu
http://www.ibiblio.org/xml/
What Is XSL?
Versions
The Process of an XSL Transformation
The XML parser reads an XML document and forms a tree
The tree is passed to the XSLT processor
The XSLT processor compares the nodes in the tree to the instructions in the style sheet
When the XSLT processor finds a match,
it outputs a tree fragment
(Optional) The complete output tree is serialized to some other
format such as text, HTML, or an XML file
An Example XML Document
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<catalog>
<category>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</category>
<cataloging_info>
<abstract>Compositions by the members of New York Women Composers</abstract>
<keyword>music publishing</keyword>
<keyword>scores</keyword>
<keyword>women composers</keyword>
<keyword>New York</keyword>
</cataloging_info>
<last_updated>July 28, 1999</last_updated>
<copyright>1999 New York Women Composers</copyright>
<maintainer email="elharo@metalab.unc.edu"
url="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
<name>
<first_name>Elliotte</first_name>
<middle_name>Rusty</middle_name>
<last_name>Harold</last_name>
</name>
</maintainer>
<composer id="c1">
<name>
<first_name>Julie</first_name>
<middle_name></middle_name>
<last_name>Mandel</last_name>
</name>
</composer>
<composer id="c2">
<name>
<first_name>Margaret</first_name>
<middle_name>De</middle_name>
<last_name>Wys</last_name>
</name>
</composer>
<composer id="c3">
<name>
<first_name>Beth</first_name>
<middle_name></middle_name>
<last_name>Anderson</last_name>
</name>
</composer>
<composer id="c4">
<name>
<first_name>Linda</first_name>
<middle_name></middle_name>
<last_name>Bouchard</last_name>
</name>
</composer>
<composition composer="c1">
<title>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</title>
<date><year>(1994)</year></date>
<length>13'38"</length>
<instruments>fl, hp, vla</instruments>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
<publisher>Theodore Presser</publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c2">
<title>Charmonium</title>
<date><year>(1991)</year></date>
<length>9'</length>
<instruments>2 vln, vla, vc</instruments>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
<publisher></publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c1">
<title>Invention for Flute and Piano</title>
<date><year>(1994)</year></date>
<length></length>
<instruments>fl, pn</instruments>
<description>3 movements</description>
<publisher></publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c3">
<title>Little Trio</title>
<date><year>(1984)</year></date>
<length>4'</length>
<instruments>fl, guit, va</instruments>
<description></description>
<publisher>ACA</publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c3">
<title>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</title>
<date><year>(1980)</year></date>
<length>3'</length>
<instruments>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</instruments>
<description></description>
<publisher>ACA</publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c3">
<title>Trio: Dream in D</title>
<date><year>(1980)</year></date>
<length>10'</length>
<instruments>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</instruments>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
<publisher></publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c4">
<title>Propos II</title>
<date><year>(1985)</year></date>
<length>11'</length>
<instruments>2 tpt</instruments>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
<publisher></publisher>
</composition>
<composition composer="c4">
<title>Rictus En Mirroir</title>
<date><year>(1985)</year></date>
<length>14'</length>
<instruments>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</instruments>
<description></description>
<publisher></publisher>
</composition>
</catalog>
An XSLT Style Sheet
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
</xsl:stylesheet>
Let's use xt to apply this stylesheet to compositions.xml.
Windows executable:
C:> xt compositions.xml sheet1.xsl
Java executable:
C:> java -Dcom.jclark.xsl.sax.parser=com.jclark.xml.sax.CommentDriver
com.jclark.xsl.sax.Driver compositions.xml sheet1.xsl output1.html
Output
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
Compositions by the members of New York Women Composers
music publishing
scores
women composers
New York
July 28, 1999
1999 New York Women Composers
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
Julie
Mandel
Margaret
De
Wys
Beth
Anderson
Linda
Bouchard
Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp
(1994)
13'38"
fl, hp, vla
Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :
mvt. 1: 5:01
mvt. 2: 4:11
mvt. 3: 4:26
Theodore Presser
Charmonium
(1991)
9'
2 vln, vla, vc
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
Invention for Flute and Piano
(1994)
fl, pn
3 movements
Little Trio
(1984)
4'
fl, guit, va
ACA
Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby
(1980)
3'
fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn
ACA
Trio: Dream in D
(1980)
10'
fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
Two by Three
from North/South Consonance (1998).
Propos II
(1985)
11'
2 tpt
Arrangement from Propos
Rictus En Mirroir
(1985)
14'
fl, ob, hpschd, vc
View in Netscape
Templates
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
Compositions by the members of New York Women Composers
music publishing
scores
women composers
New York
July 28, 1999
1999 New York Women Composers
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
Julie
Mandel
Margaret
De
Wys
Beth
Anderson
Linda
Bouchard
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
Adding the root
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<body>
</body>
</html>
Applying Templates
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<body>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<body>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
Compositions by the members of New York Women Composers
music publishing
scores
women composers
New York
July 28, 1999
1999 New York Women Composers
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
Julie
Mandel
Margaret
De
Wys
Beth
Anderson
Linda
Bouchard
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
</body>
</html>
The select attribute
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<xsl:apply-templates select="catalog"/>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composition"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
</body>
</html>
Expanding the coverage
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<xsl:apply-templates select="catalog"/>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composition"/>
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
<ul>
<li><xsl:value-of select="date"/></li>
<li><xsl:value-of select="length"/></li>
<li><xsl:value-of select="instruments"/></li>
<li><xsl:value-of select="publisher"/></li>
</ul>
<p><xsl:value-of select="description"/></p>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :
mvt. 1: 5:01
mvt. 2: 4:11
mvt. 3: 4:26
</p>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>
</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>3 movements</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
Two by Three
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</p>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Arrangement from Propos</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999</body>
</html>
Attributes
I want to add something like this to the footer
so readers can contact me if there's a problem with the page:
Elliotte Rusty Harold<br/>
elharo@metalab.unc.edu
This information comes from the maintainer element:
<maintainer email="elharo@metalab.unc.edu"
url="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
<name>
<first_name>Elliotte</first_name>
<middle_name>Rusty</middle_name>
<last_name>Harold</last_name>
</name>
</maintainer>
We need a way to get content from attributes in the input document.
This is accomplished by prefixing the attribute name with @.
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composition"/>
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="maintainer">
<xsl:value-of select="name"/><br/>
<xsl:value-of select="@email"/>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :
mvt. 1: 5:01
mvt. 2: 4:11
mvt. 3: 4:26
</p>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>
</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>3 movements</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
Two by Three
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</p>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Arrangement from Propos</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
<br>elharo@metalab.unc.edu</body>
</html>
Attribute Value Templates
Add this to the footer:
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">Elliotte Rusty Harold</a><br/>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
Need a way to copy nodes from the input document
to attribute values in the output document.
Attribute value templates are the solution
<xsl:template match="maintainer">
<a href="{@url}"><xsl:value-of select="name"/></a><br/>
<a href="mailto:{@email}"><xsl:value-of select="@email"/></a>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :
mvt. 1: 5:01
mvt. 2: 4:11
mvt. 3: 4:26
</p>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>
</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>3 movements</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
Two by Three
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</p>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Arrangement from Propos</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
xsl:copy
The descriptions in the output document are pure text.
The descriptions in the input document are somewhat more styled and
include paragraphs, unordered lists and citations; e.g.
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
But all this is stripped by the default template rule used for the description!
Use xsl:copy to move these elements into
the output more or less as is:
<xsl:template match="p">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
<!-- pass HTML along unchanged -->
<xsl:template match="ul">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates"/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="li">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates"/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="cite">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates"/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
We also have to apply templates to the description
element rather than taking its value:
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
<ul>
<li><xsl:value-of select="date"/></li>
<li><xsl:value-of select="length"/></li>
<li><xsl:value-of select="instruments"/></li>
<li><xsl:value-of select="publisher"/></li>
</ul>
<p><xsl:apply-templates select="description"/></p>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The generated HTML
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</p>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>
</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>3 movements</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite>Two by Three</cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</p>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Arrangement from Propos</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
<li>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
The Or Operator in Match Patterns
Since all four template rules for the HTML
element have the same content, we can combine them into a single rule
that applies to each of the four using the or operator
|
<xsl:template match="p|ul|li|cite">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
The output is the same
The * wildcard
Right now the descriptions in the input document only use
a few HTML tags, but potentially they could use full HTML
up to and including tables, images, styles, and more.
You could include separate template rules for each of these,
but it's easier to specify a rule that applies
to all elements.
<!-- pass unrecognized tags along unchanged -->
<xsl:template match="*">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
The * matches all elements that are not matched by some
more specific rules. It only matches element nodes, though. It does not match
nodes for
attributes
comments
processing instructions
namespaces
text
The output is the same in this case,
though for a document that used more HTML it might be different.
The node() and @* wildcards
To copy everything including:
attributes
comments
processing instructions
namespaces
text
we have to use greedier wild cards:
<!-- pass unrecognized nodes along unchanged -->
<xsl:template match="node()|@*">
<xsl:copy>
<xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/>
</xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>
xt doesn't yet recognize node() in match patterns
The output is the same in this case,
though for a document that used more HTML it might be different.
Are we being too greedy?
Perhaps this is too greedy. Do we really only want to recognize
HTML in the description element? What if somebody puts HTML
in a different, element like instruments?
What if somebody makes a mistake and adds an element
that shouldn't be there?
I don't think so, but it would be possible to use modes
or other techniques to make this default rule only apply
inside the description element.
Testing conditions with xsl:if
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="title"/></h3>
<ul>
<xsl:if test="string(date)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="date"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(length)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="length"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(instruments)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="instruments"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(publisher)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="publisher"/></li>
</xsl:if>
</ul>
<p><xsl:apply-templates select="description"/></p>
</xsl:template>
The string() function converts the value of the element to a string
The number() function converts the value of the element to a number
Zero length strings are false
There are all the <, >, =, !=,
<= and >= operators you expect
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Matching composers with compositions
The composers and their compositions are linked through the
the id attribute of the composer element
and the composer attribute of the composition element.
<composer id="c3">
<name>
<first_name>Beth</first_name>
<middle_name></middle_name>
<last_name>Anderson</last_name>
</name>
</composer>
<composition composer="c3">
<title>Trio: Dream in D</title>
<date><year>(1980)</year></date>
<length>10'</length>
<instruments>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</instruments>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
<publisher></publisher>
</composition>
Matching composers with compositions
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer"/>
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composer">
<h2><xsl:value-of select="name"/></h2>
<xsl:apply-templates select="../composition[@composer=current()/@id]"/>
</xsl:template>
.. selects the parent element
/ selects a child of the context node
Square braces [] include a predicate to winnow down the
selected nodes
The current() function refers to the matched composer element
@composer() and @id
take the value of the composer attribute and the id
attribute
The = operator compares the to attributes
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Sorting with xsl:sort
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer">
<xsl:sort select="name/last_name"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Multiple Key Sorts
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer">
<xsl:sort select="name/last_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/first_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/middle_name"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Sorting by Composition Title
Sorting by composition title is equally straight-forward
but we have to do it in a separate apply-templates
element
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer">
<xsl:sort select="name/last_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/first_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/middle_name"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composer">
<h2><xsl:value-of select="name"/></h2>
<xsl:apply-templates select="../composition[@composer=current()/@id]">
<xsl:sort select="title"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
xsl:for-each
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Header -->
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<ul>
<xsl:for-each select="composition">
<li><xsl:value-of select="title"/></li>
</xsl:for-each>
</ul>
<!-- Body -->
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer">
<xsl:sort select="name/last_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/first_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/middle_name"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
<!-- Signature -->
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
. selects the context node
xsl:for-each iterates through the selected nodes,
setting each one to the current node in turn but does not
apply templates to that node.
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<ul>
<li>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</li>
<li>Charmonium</li>
<li>Invention for Flute and Piano</li>
<li>Little Trio</li>
<li>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</li>
<li>Trio: Dream in D</li>
<li>Propos II</li>
<li>Rictus En Mirroir</li>
</ul>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Little Trio</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>Trio: Dream in D</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>Propos II</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>Rictus En Mirroir</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>Invention for Flute and Piano</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h3>Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>Charmonium</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Sorting the Table of Contents
xsl:for-each can have an
xsl:sort child just like xsl:apply-templates
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Header -->
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<ul>
<xsl:for-each select="composition">
<xsl:sort select="title"/>
<li><xsl:value-of select="title"/></li>
</xsl:for-each>
</ul>
<!-- Body -->
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer">
<xsl:sort select="name/last_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/first_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/middle_name"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
<!-- Signature -->
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
Adding Links from the Table of Contents
Here's the new template for the composition
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3>
<a name="{generate-id()}">
<xsl:value-of select="title"/>
</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<xsl:if test="string(date)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="date"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(length)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="length"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(instruments)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="instruments"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(publisher)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="publisher"/></li>
</xsl:if>
</ul>
<p><xsl:apply-templates select="description"/></p>
</xsl:template>
Here's the new template for the tabel of contents link
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<head>
<title><xsl:value-of select="category"/></title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Header -->
<h1><xsl:value-of select="category"/></h1>
<ul>
<xsl:for-each select="composition">
<xsl:sort select="title"/>
<li>
<a href="#{generate-id()}">
<xsl:value-of select="title"/>
</a>
</li>
</xsl:for-each>
</ul>
<!-- Body -->
<xsl:apply-templates select="composer">
<xsl:sort select="name/last_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/first_name"/>
<xsl:sort select="name/middle_name"/>
</xsl:apply-templates>
<!-- Signature -->
<hr/>
Copyright <xsl:value-of select="copyright"/><br/>
Last Modified: <xsl:value-of select="last_updated"/><br/>
<xsl:apply-templates select="maintainer"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
Although the ID is generated in two separate places,
it is generated for the same node. Consequently, they are the same.
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#N146">Charmonium</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N211">Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N168">Invention for Flute and Piano</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N189">Little Trio</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N260">Propos II</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N282">Rictus En Mirroir</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N233">Trio: Dream in D</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N108">Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>
<a name="N211">Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>
<a name="N189">Little Trio</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1984)</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>
<a name="N233">Trio: Dream in D</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1980)</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>
<a name="N260">Propos II</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>
<a name="N282">Rictus En Mirroir</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1985)</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>
<a name="N168">Invention for Flute and Piano</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h3>
<a name="N108">Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1994)</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>
<a name="N146">Charmonium</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>(1991)</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Numbering Output
The xsl:number element has a variety of attributes to determine
number style, exactly what's counted, where numbering starts, and so forth
The position() function returns the position of the current
node in the context node list
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:number value="position()"/>.
<a name="{generate-id()}">
<xsl:value-of select="title"/>
</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<xsl:if test="string(date)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="date"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(length)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="length"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(instruments)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="instruments"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(publisher)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="publisher"/></li>
</xsl:if>
</ul>
<p><xsl:apply-templates select="description"/></p>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
String functions
XPath has a number of basic functions for working with strings:
starts-with(main_string, prefix_string)
contains(containing_string, contained_string)
substring(string, offset, length)
substring-before(string, marker-string)
substring-after(string, marker-string)
string-length(string)
normalize(string)
translate(string, replaced_text, replacement_text)
concat(string1, string2, ...)
The strings these operate on are generally the values of nodes
These may be part of any select expression, but are most commonly used
in xsl:value-of.
XPath does not, however, provide full Perl or POSIX regular expressions.
XSLT/XPath 2.0 might add these
substring()
substring(string, offset, length)
1 is the first character
length is optional
node sets are automatically converted to their values
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:number value="position()"/>.
<a name="{generate-id()}">
<xsl:value-of select="title"/>
</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<xsl:if test="string(date)">
<!--not Y10K safe! -->
<li><xsl:value-of select="substring(date,2,4)"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(length)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="length"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(instruments)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="instruments"/></li>
</xsl:if>
<xsl:if test="string(publisher)">
<li><xsl:value-of select="publisher"/></li>
</xsl:if>
</ul>
<p><xsl:apply-templates select="description"/></p>
</xsl:template>
View Transformed Document in Netscape
The actual HTML output
<html>
<head>
<title>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
Small chamber ensembles - 2-4 Players by New York Women Composers
</h1>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#N146">Charmonium</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N211">Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N168">Invention for Flute and Piano</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N189">Little Trio</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N260">Propos II</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N282">Rictus En Mirroir</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N233">Trio: Dream in D</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#N108">Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>
Beth
Anderson
</h2>
<h3>1.
<a name="N211">Dr. Blood's Mermaid Lullaby</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1980</li>
<li>3'</li>
<li>fl or ob, or vn, or vc, pn</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>2.
<a name="N189">Little Trio</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1984</li>
<li>4'</li>
<li>fl, guit, va</li>
<li>ACA</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h3>3.
<a name="N233">Trio: Dream in D</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1980</li>
<li>10'</li>
<li>fl, pn, vc, or vn, pn, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Rhapsodic. Passionate. Available on CD
<cite><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000007NMH/qid%3D913265342/sr%3D1-2/">Two by Three</a></cite>
from North/South Consonance (1998).
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Linda
Bouchard
</h2>
<h3>1.
<a name="N260">Propos II</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1985</li>
<li>11'</li>
<li>2 tpt</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>Arrangement from Propos</description>
</p>
<h3>2.
<a name="N282">Rictus En Mirroir</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1985</li>
<li>14'</li>
<li>fl, ob, hpschd, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description></description>
</p>
<h2>
Julie
Mandel
</h2>
<h3>1.
<a name="N168">Invention for Flute and Piano</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1994</li>
<li>fl, pn</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>3 movements</description>
</p>
<h3>2.
<a name="N108">Trio for Flute, Viola and Harp</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1994</li>
<li>13'38"</li>
<li>fl, hp, vla</li>
<li>Theodore Presser</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
<p>Premiered at Queens College in April, 1996 by Sue Ann Kahn,
Christine Ims, and Susan Jolles. In 3 movements :</p>
<ul>
<li>mvt. 1: 5:01</li>
<li>mvt. 2: 4:11</li>
<li>mvt. 3: 4:26</li>
</ul>
</description>
</p>
<h2>
Margaret
De
Wys
</h2>
<h3>1.
<a name="N146">Charmonium</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>1991</li>
<li>9'</li>
<li>2 vln, vla, vc</li>
</ul>
<p>
<description>
Commissioned as quartet for the Meridian String Quartet.
Sonorous, bold. Moderate difficulty. Tape available.
</description>
</p>
<hr>
Copyright 1999 New York Women Composers<br>
Last Modified: July 28, 1999<br>
<a href="http://www.macfaq.com/personal.html">
Elliotte
Rusty
Harold
</a>
<br>
<a href="mailto:elharo@metalab.unc.edu">elharo@metalab.unc.edu</a>
</body>
</html>
Number Operators
XPath has several operators for doing arithmetic:
These may be part of any select expression, but are most commonly used
in predicates with comparison operators.
Number Functions
XPath includes five functions that operate on numbers:
floor(number) returns the greatest integer smaller than the number
ceiling(number) returns the smallest integer greater than the number
round(number) rounds the number to the nearest integer
sum(number) returns the sum of its arguments
format-number(number, format-string)
returns the string form of a number formatted according to the specified format-string as if by Java 1.1's
java.text.DecimalFormat
class
Where Does the Transformation Happen?
There are three primary ways XML documents are
transformed into other formats, such as HTML, with an XSLT
style sheet:
The XML document and associated style sheet are both
served to the client (Web browser), which then transforms
the document as specified by the style sheet and presents it
to the user.
The server applies an XSL style sheet to an XML document
to transform it to some other format (generally HTML) and
sends the transformed document to the client (Web
browser).
A third program transforms the original XML document
into some other format (often HTML) before the document is
placed on the server. Both server and client only deal with
the post-transform document.
Client Side Processing
Place an xml-stylesheet processing
instruction in the prolog immediately after the XML
declaration (if any) and before the document type declaration (if any).
This processing instruction should have a
type attribute with the value
text/xml and an href attribute
whose value is an absolute or relative URL pointing to the style sheet.
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xml" href="compositions.xsl"?>
Eventually application/xml+xslt will replace text/xml.
IE uses the non-existent MIME media type
text/xsl instead.
This is also how you attach a CSS style sheet to a
document. The only difference here is that the
type attribute has the value
text/xml instead of text/css.
A style sheet that works with Internet Explorer 5.0 and 5.5
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xsl">
<xsl:template match="/">
<html>
<xsl:apply-templates select="catalog"/>
</html>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="catalog">
<body>
<xsl:apply-templates select="composition"/>
</body>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template match="composition">
<h3><xsl:value-of select="name"/></h3>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
What else does XSLT have?
Many more ways to select and match elements including descendants,
attributes, comments, processing instructions, and text.
Many more tests for predicates including basic arithmetic operations
The xsl:element, xsl:attribute, xsl:processing-instruction, xsl:comment, and xsl:text elements can output elements, attributes, processing instructions, comments, and text calculated from data in the input document.
The xsl:copy-of element to
copy nodes from the input to the output with their contents
intact
Parameters for passing arguments to templates
Modes for reprocessing the same element in a different fashion
Recursion
The xsl:variable element defines named constants that can clarify your code.
Named templates, variables, and attribute sets help you reuse common template code.
The xsl:choose and xsl:when elements
let you select one of several possibilities depending on a condition.
The xsl:import and xsl:include elements merge rules from different style sheets.
Various attributes of the xsl:output element allow you to specify the output document's format, XML declaration, document type declaration, indentation, encoding and MIME type.
Extension functions written in other languages like
Java, JavaScript, and C++
Extension elements written in other languages like
Java, JavaScript, and C++
What does XSLT not have?
Summary
The Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) comprises two
separate XML applications for transforming and formatting
XML documents.
An XSL transformation applies rules to a tree read from
an XML document to transform it into an output tree written
as an XML document.
An XSL template rule is an xsl:template
element with a match attribute. Nodes in the
input tree are compared against the patterns of the
match attributes of the different template
elements. When a match is found, the contents of the
template are output.
The value of a node is a pure text (no markup) string
containing the contents of the node. This can be calculated
by the xsl:value-of element.
The xsl:apply-templates element continues
processing the children of the current node
The xsl:if element produces output if, and
only if, its test attribute is true.
The xsl:number element inserts the number
specified by its value attribute into the
output using a specified number format given by the
format attribute.
The
xsl:sort element can reorder the input nodes
before copying them to the output.
To Learn More
Copyright 1999-2001 Elliotte Rusty Harold
Elliotte Rusty Harold
Last Modified February 17, 2001
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