The W3C XQuery working group has posted a new candidate recommendation of XQuery Update Facility. XQuery as it currently exists is basically just SELECT in SQL terms. XQuery Update adds INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE. More specifically it is:
upd:mergeUpdates
upd:revalidate
upd:applyUpdates
upd:insertBefore
upd:insertAfter
upd:insertInto
upd:insertIntoAsFirst
upd:insertIntoAsLast
upd:insertAttributes
upd:delete
upd:replaceNode
upd:replaceValue
upd:replaceElementContent
upd:rename
upd:removeType
upd:setToUntyped
This is one of the last two pieces before XQuery 1.0 is really complete. (The other is full-text search.)